- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A viscous force that tends to retard the velocity of air flowing along a surface. The total drag against the air is the sum of form drag, skin drag, and wave drag.
Industry:Weather
A type of recording siphon barometer. The mechanically magnified motion of a float resting on the lower mercury surface is used to record atmospheric pressure on a rotating drum.
Industry:Weather
A type of destructive storm that frequently occurs in October in the Bavarian Alps. After a clear dawn a high foehn develops. At about 8:00 local time clouds form on the mountains, temperature rises rapidly in the valleys, and at about 9:30 the foehn begins to blow from the south-southwest, bringing dirty, reddish-yellow rain. The storm ceases about 5:00 local time. During the storm the atmospheric pressure fluctuates rapidly.
Industry:Weather
A type of modulation applied to a radar in which the carrier frequency is systematically altered within a transmitted pulse to achieve higher range resolution. See pulse compression.
Industry:Weather
A type of gas detector used in gas chromatography. Individual components of a gas mixture elute from the column and are burned in a hydrogen flame, where a large quantity of ions are produced. These ions are vented through a collector tube, which is maintained at some electrical potential so that a current passes through the ions produced in the flame to the collector. The current measured is proportional to the quantity of eluted compound. The technique has found the most use for the measurement of organic compounds, particularly hydrocarbons, in the atmosphere.
Industry:Weather
A thin, highly reflective sheet of clear ice formed at the snow surface; formed in spring when subfreezing air temperatures combine with subsurface melting (due to penetration of solar energy into the snow).
Industry:Weather
A thermometer that utilizes the thermal properties of gas. There are two forms of this instrument: 1) a type in which the gas is kept at constant volume, and pressure is the thermometric property; and 2) a type in which the gas is kept at constant pressure, and volume is the thermometric property.
Industry:Weather
A test used to evaluate the adequacy of a given method of forecast verification. The same verification method is applied, simultaneously, to a given forecast and to a fabricated forecast of opposite conditions. Comparison of the verification scores gives an indication of the value of the verification system.
Industry:Weather
A term used to denote the aliasing of radar echoes in range or velocity as a result of sampling limitations.
Industry:Weather
A technique for the measurement of atmospheric density and temperature in the middle atmosphere. Radar tracking of the descent rate of small spheres released from rockets gives a measure of atmospheric drag, from which densities and temperatures can be inferred.
Industry:Weather
