- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A weather observing station at a sufficiently high elevation to be nonrepresentative of conditions near sea level; 2000 m (about 6500 ft) has been given as a reasonable lower limit. High-altitude stations may be divided into 1) mountain stations, which are freely exposed on or near the summits of peaks and at which observations nearly approximate the free-air conditions at their level, and 2) plateau stations, which have an extreme kind of continental climate.
Industry:Weather
A weather map or chart with contours (e.g., contours of temperature) analyzed on a surface of constant pressure (that is, drawn on an isobaric surface).
Industry:Weather
A weather map or chart displaying meteorological data on a constant-pressure surface. See constant-pressure chart.
Industry:Weather
A weak, unstable acid, formula HOCl. Hypochlorous acid is also a minor component of the gas-phase inorganic chlorine budget in the stratosphere. It is formed there largely from reaction of hydroperoxyl radicals (HO2) with chlorine monoxide (ClO) radicals, and from the hydrolysis of chlorine nitrate on stratospheric aerosols. It is subject to quite rapid photolysis in the sunlit atmosphere.
Industry:Weather
A wave that is caused by a breakdown in the geostrophic equilibrium and describes the motion of a water parcel under the influence (balance) of the Coriolis and inertial forces. See inertial oscillation.
Industry:Weather
A wave in fluid motion having its maximum amplitude within the fluid or at an internal boundary (interface). The concepts of internal and external waves originated in the study of gravity waves in homogeneous incompressible fluids, and it makes no difference in the dynamics of the wave whether the static stability of the fluid is concentrated in a free surface or in an interface. However, internal waves in a fluid with continually varying density have maximum amplitudes and nodal surfaces within the fluid itself, so that these are properly distinguished from external waves. Compare surface wave.
Industry:Weather
A wave for which the surfaces of constant phase and of constant amplitude coincide. A wave that is not homogeneous is inhomogeneous. An example of an inhomogeneous wave is a radio wave transmitted in water illuminated at oblique incidence.
Industry:Weather
A warning of impending sustained surface winds of hurricane force (64 knots/ 73 mph or greater) within 24 hours or less. A hurricane warning can remain in effect when dangerously high water or a combination of dangerously high water and exceptionally high waves continue even though the winds may be less than hurricane force. For maritime interests, the storm-warning signals are 1) two square red flags with black centers by day and 2) a white lantern between two red lanterns by night. See storm warning.
Industry:Weather
A vertical salinity gradient in some layer of a body of water that is appreciably greater than the gradients above and below it; also a layer in which such a gradient occurs. The principal haloclines in the ocean are either seasonal, due to freshwater inputs, or permanent.
Industry:Weather
A vertical coordinate system based on the geometric or geopotential height.
Industry:Weather
