- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A synoptic chart on which are plotted the altitudes of the maximum wind speed, the maximum wind velocity (wind direction optional), plus the velocity of the wind at mandatory levels both above and below the level of maximum wind. These maps can be analyzed for one or more of the quantities plotted.
Industry:Weather
The maximum range of radial velocity that can be observed without ambiguity by a Doppler radar, sodar, or lidar. Velocities outside this interval are folded into the interval. For a pulsed radar or sodar operating with an interpulse period ''T'', or a lidar with an A/D converter sampling interval ''T'', the unambiguous velocity interval is −λ/4''T'' to +λ/4''T'', where λ is the operating wavelength. This interval can be extended by the use of dual PRF and other techniques. See velocity aliasing, Nyquist frequency.
Industry:Weather
The height at which the maximum wind speed occurs, typically within the jet stream, determined in a winds-aloft observation. See maximum-wind and shear chart.
Industry:Weather
The average west-to-east component of wind over the continuous 20- degree belt of latitude in which this average is a maximum. It is usually found, in the winter season, in the vicinity of 40–60°N latitude. See zonal index.
Industry:Weather
The maximum range from which a transmitted radar, lidar, or sodar pulse can be reflected and received before the next pulse is transmitted. This range, ''r''<sub>max, </sub> is given by ''r''<sub>max</sub> = ''cT''/2, where ''T'' is the interpulse period and ''c'' is the speed of light (or speed of sound in the case of sodar). Range is measured by the time delay between pulse transmission and reception, ordinarily assuming that the received pulse is associated with the most recent transmitted pulse. Targets at ranges beyond ''r''<sub>max</sub> therefore appear at ranges closer than ''r''<sub>max</sub> because of range folding. Special coding of the pulses permits discrimination between echoes from the most recent transmitted pulse and earlier ones, enabling the measurement of ranges beyond ''r''<sub>max</sub>. See also second-trip echo, range aliasing.
Industry:Weather
The highest temperature reported for a given location during a given period.
Industry:Weather
A thermometer so designed that it registers the maximum temperature attained during an interval of time. The liquid-in-glass type of maximum thermometer has a bore that is constricted between the bulb and graduated portion of the stem. As the temperature rises, a portion of the mercury is forced past the constriction and into the graduated section. This mercury is retained when the temperature falls and serves to indicate the highest temperature reached. Bimetallic thermometers with a circular scale are also used as maximum thermometers. A free index mounted concentrically with and driven by the thermometer index is held by friction at the maximum temperature. Compare minimum thermometer; see Townsend support.
Industry:Weather
A method used to estimate power spectra that contain very sharp peaks. Under the assumption that such peaks can be approximated analytically by singularities, the power spectrum is written as a rational fraction with a denominator containing a polynomial, the zeros of which correspond to frequencies where the spectral density is infinite.
Industry:Weather
(Usually abbreviated MCL. ) A federal drinking water standard that specifies the maximum concentration level for a regulated chemical in drinking water.
Industry:Weather
The greatest value attained (or attainable) by a function; the opposite of minimum. An “absolute” maximum is the greatest value within a prescribed interval, while “relative” maxima are the greatest values within arbitrary subintervals, each one of which is “absolute” within its own subinterval, and so on. In records of meteorological observations, “absolute” is with reference to the entire period of record for that station, and the “relative” values are labeled “annual,” “monthly,” and “daily. ”
Industry:Weather
