- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The “morning wind,” that is, an east wind. In the Morvan Mountains and the center of the Massif Central in France, the matinal often blows for several days, especially in summer, and brings fine weather. On winter mornings a northeast or east wind descends the western slopes of the Alps (where it is known as the matinière) bringing cold and generally fine weather. Compare solaire.
Industry:Weather
The momentum, u, where is the fluid density and u the velocity vector, considered as the transport of fluid mass from one region of space to another.
Industry:Weather
Method for estimating the actual evaporation from a body of water, assuming it is proportional to the product of wind velocity (perhaps raised to a power less than one), the difference between the saturation vapor pressure at water surface temperature and the vapor pressure of the ambient air, and an empirical mass-transfer coefficient.
Industry:Weather
A tall, usually movable structure, used to mount meteorological sensors on for monitoring near-surface atmospheric parameters. A mast differs from a tower in that it is designed to have minimal effect on the measurement(s) being made. Circular poles similar to a ship's mast are the most common shape.
Industry:Weather
Technique for the detection of chemicals by ionization, followed by the use of a magnetic or electric field to separate the ions according to their mass-to-charge ratio. The ionization can be achieved by bombardment with a stream of electrons from a heated filament (electron impact) or by the transfer of charge from a prepared ion to the species of interest (chemical ionization). Highly sensitive mass spectrometers have been used to measure small differences in the ratio of isotopes in certain molecules to ascertain, for example, the age of the sample or to assess the nature of the source of the sample.
Industry:Weather
A plotting of the cumulative values of a variable as a function of time. This is applied especially to mass curves of rainfall in storm studies, to departures of various weather elements from normal, and to streamflow data for reservoir studies.
Industry:Weather
The divergence of the momentum field, a measure of the rate of net flux of mass out of a unit volume of a system; in symbols, ∇ • u, where is the fluid density, u the velocity vector, and ∇ the del operator.
Industry:Weather
A measure of the rate of scattering of radiation, expressed as the scattering cross section per unit mass. Units are m<sup>2</sup> kg<sup>−1</sup>. See scattering coefficient.
Industry:Weather
Periodically or continually inundated areas covered with vegetation of cattails, sedges, rushes, and some woody hydrophytic plants.
Industry:Weather
