- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
1. Change in phase of a signal as it passes through a filter, some other system component, or a transmission medium. 2. The method employed for electronic beam steering in phased-array radar. 3. For polarimetric radar, the differential phase shift between the copolarized and cross- polarized components, a measure of the propagation effect interpreted in terms of the degree of preferred orientation of the scatterers in the propagation medium.
Industry:Weather
1. Designation for a self-synchronous motor system, consisting of a driver motor and one or more remote followers (or repeaters) with armatures remaining in synchronization with that of the driver. 2. Informal Navy designation for a wind-measuring system consisting of a wind vane and a bridled-cup anemometer, both of which are coupled to selsyn drivers and remotely record or indicate by means of the repeaters of the selsyn system.
Industry:Weather
1. Because of irregular shapes of natural sediment particles, defined in terms of similar characteristics and behavior to “equivalent diameter” spherical particles. 2. Operationally, the diameter of a sphere of the same specific weight (weight per unit volume) and the same terminal velocity falling in the same fluid as the given sediment particle.
Industry:Weather
1. Buoyant jet in which the buoyancy is supplied from a point source; the buoyant region is continuous. See thermal. 2. A mostly horizontal (sometimes initially vertical) stream of air pollutant that is being blown downwind from a smokestack. Typical smoke-plume diameters are of order 1–10 m initially, gradually expanding to 100 m or more, while lengths can be order of 1–100 km. The path and shape of the smoke plume can indicate the nature of turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer, such as looping plumes, fanning plumes, and coning plumes.
Industry:Weather
1. Area in which a common set of temperature ranges, humidity patterns, and other geographic and seasonal characteristics combine to create a particular plant distribution by allowing certain plants to succeed and causing others to fail. 2. A region in a climatic classification system that places greatest importance on plant distribution to identify climatic characteristics.
Industry:Weather
1. Any warm wind blowing over a snow surface; usually applied to a foehn wind, that is, schneefresser. See'' also'' chinook. 2. A fog over a snow surface; so called because of the frequently observed rapidity with which a snow cover disappears after a fog sets in. As water vapor from the air condenses on the snow, the latent heat of condensation causes the snow to become warmer and melt faster.
Industry:Weather
1. Any disturbed state of the atmosphere, especially as affecting the earth's surface, implying inclement and possibly destructive weather. There are at least three somewhat different viewpoints of storms. 1) In synoptic meteorology, a storm is a complete individual disturbance identified on synoptic charts as a complex of pressure, wind, clouds, precipitation, etc. , or identified by such mesometeorological means as radar or sferics. Thus, storms range in scale from tornadoes and thunderstorms, through tropical cyclones, to widespread extratropical cyclones. 2) From a local and special interest viewpoint, a storm is a transient occurrence identified by its most destructive or spectacular aspect(s). In this manner we speak of rainstorms, windstorms, hailstorms, snowstorms, etc. Notable special cases are blizzards, ice storms, sandstorms, and duststorms. 3) To a hydrologist, “storm” alludes primarily to the space- and time-distribution of rainfall over a given region. See local storm, severe storm. 2. See magnetic storm 3. (Also called storm wind, violent storm. ) In the Beaufort wind scale, a wind with a speed from 56 to 63 knots (64 to 72 mph) or Beaufort Number 11 (Force 11).
Industry:Weather
1. Any characteristic or series of characteristics by which a material, phenomenon, or change may be recognized in an image or dataset. 2. In radar, a term used to designate recognizable identifying characteristics of any one of many cloud properties or mesoscale phenomena, such as gust fronts, vortices, the melting layer, microbursts, and convergence lines.
Industry:Weather
1. An open, slatted board fence usually 1–3 m high, placed upwind of a railroad track or highway. The fence serves to create eddies in the downstream airflow, resulting in a reduced wind speed such that snow is deposited close to the fence on its leeward side. The intent is to provide a comparatively clear zone along the railroad track or highway. A snow fence is also used to accumulate drifting snow in a flat windswept area to reduce the depth of ground frost and increase soil moisture as the snow melts. 2. Same as Wild fence.
Industry:Weather
1. An accumulation of rock and mineral particles transported by water (fluvial sediment) or by wind (aeolian sediment). 2. A collective term for rock and mineral particles that 1) are being transported by a fluid (sediment in transport, suspension, or motion) caused by the fluid motion or 2) have been deposited by the fluid (i.e., sediment deposits).
Industry:Weather
