- 行业: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
Complete circulatory process through which a substance passes in the biosphere. It may involve transport through the various media (air, water, soil), followed by environmental transformation, and carriage through various ecosystems.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
For deterministic effects, the first adverse effect which appears when the threshold (critical) concentration or dose is reached in the critical organ: adverse effects with no defined threshold concentration are regarded as critical.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
LC<sub>100</sub>. Lowest concentration of a substance in an environmental medium which kills 100 % of test organisms or species under defined conditions.
Note: This value is dependent on the number of organisms used in its assessment.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
Probability of suffering disease or injury which is considered to be sufficiently small to be negligible. Note: Calculated risk of an increase of one case in a million people per year for cancer is usually considered to be negligible.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
1. In experimental toxicology, chronic refers to mammalian studies lasting considerably more than 90 days or to studies occupying a large part of the lifetime of an organism.
2. In clinical medicine, long established or long lasting.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
1. Organ, tissue (including blood), secretion or excretion product taken from an organism as a sample reflecting the state of the whole organism.
2. Organism taken as a sample reflecting the state of a population or their environment.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
Extent to which the measurement incorporates the domain of the phenomenon under study; for example, a measurement of functional health status should embrace activities of daily living, occupational, family, and social functioning, etc.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
Estimate of the total administered amount of a substance which is associated with the death of half a population of animals when the substance is administered repeatedly in doses which are generally fractions of the median lethal dose.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
Acne-like eruption caused by exposure to certain chlorinated organic substances such as polychlorinated biphenyls or 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorooxanthrene) and other polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins and furans.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
Statistically calculated lower 95% confidence limit on the concentration that produces a defined response (called the benchmark response or BMR, usually 5 % or 10 %) for an adverse effect compared to background, often defined as 0 % or 5%.
Industry:Biology; Chemistry
