- 行业: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
An unusually large cell; especially: a large multinucleate often phagocytic cell (as those characteristic of tubercular lesions, various sarcomas, or the megakaryocytes of the red marrow. )
Industry:Medical
1) The functional and physical unit of heredity passed from parent to offspring. Genes are pieces of DNA, and most genes contain the information for making a specific protein.
2) The basic unit of heredity, consisting of a segment of DNA arranged in a linear manner along a chromosome, which codes for a specific protein or segment of protein leading to a particular characteristic or function
3) The gene is the basic physical unit of inheritance. Genes are passed from parents to offspring and contain the information needed to specify traits. Genes are arranged, one after another, on structures called chromosomes. A chromosome contains a single, long DNA molecule, only a portion of which corresponds to a single gene. Humans have approximately 23,000 genes arranged on their chromosomes.
4) The fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located in a particular position on a particular chromosome that encodes a specific functional product (i.e., a protein or RNA molecule. )
Industry:Medical
1) A major component of fats that is used by the body for energy and tissue development.
2) Any of numerous saturated aliphatic acids CnH2n+1COOH (as lauric acid) containing a single carboxyl group and including many that occur naturally usually in the form of esters in fats, waxes, and essential oils.
3) Any of the saturated or unsaturated organic acids (as palmitic acid) that have a single carboxyl group and usually an even number of carbon atoms and that occur naturally in the form of glycerides in fats and fatty oils.
Industry:Medical
Use of flow cytometry to analyze and separate chromosomes according to their DNA content.
Industry:Medical
A seizure (as an absence seizure or tonic-clonic seizure) that originates in both cerebral hemispheres.
Industry:Medical
An unborn or unhatched vertebrate especially after attaining the basic structural plan of its kind; specifically: a developing human from usually two months after conception to birth.
Industry:Medical
1) Involuntary contraction of the muscle fibers innervated by a motor unit. Fasciculations can often by visualized and take the form of a muscle twitch or dimpling under the skin, but usually do not generate sufficient force to move a limb. They may represent a benign condition or occur as a manifestation of motor neuron disease or peripheral nervous system diseases. (Adams et al. , Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1294)
2) Muscular twitching involving the simultaneous contraction of contiguous groups of muscle fibers.
Industry:Medical
1) Changes in the regulation of the expression of gene activity without alteration of genetic structure.
2) Of, relating to, or produced by epigenesis.
3) Relating to, being, or involving a modification in gene expression that is independent of the DNA sequence of a gene (epigenetic carcinogenesis) (epigenetic inheritance).
Industry:Medical
1) Genes are transcribed into segments of RNA (ribonucleic acid), which are translated into proteins. Both RNA and proteins are products of the expression of the gene and, in some cases, can be quantified to determine the activity of the gene; abnormal amounts of gene product are often associated with the presence of a disease-causing mutation.
2) The biochemical material, either RNA or protein, resulting from expression of a gene. The amount of gene product is used to measure how active a gene is; abnormal amounts can be correlated with disease-causing alleles.
Industry:Medical
1) A biological process consisting of chromosomal rearrangements and duplications. These phenotypes are often seen in the karyotype of cancer cells, where there is an imbalance between the mechanisms of cell-cycle control and mutation rates within aberrant genes. Ataxia telangiectasia is a disease that is resultant from mutations in the ATM gene, which is a cell cycle checkpoint gene. Nijmegen breakage syndrome is also a disease characterized by chromosomal and genomic instability.
2) An increased tendency of the genome to acquire mutations when various processes involved in maintaining and replicating the genome are dysfunctional.
Industry:Medical
