- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The intrusion of a denser fluid beneath a lighter fluid, due mainly to the hydrostatic forces arising from gravity and the density differences. This term is used principally in engineering for such cases as the intrusion of saltwater below freshwater in an estuary, or for currents caused by the presence of denser water with suspended silt at the bottom of a lake or ocean. Many of the phenomena are quite analogous to some of those associated with cold fronts in the atmosphere.
Industry:Weather
A dimensionless number (CdRe2; Cd = drag coefficient; Re = Reynolds number) used in computation of terminal fall velocity of a precipitation particle.
Industry:Weather
1. That part of the temperature correction of a mercury barometer that is necessitated by the variation of the density of mercury with temperature. 2. The correction, applied to the indications of a pressure-tube anemometer or pressure-plate anemometer, that is necessitated by the variation of air density with temperature.
Industry:Weather
A channel used to investigate a density current, for example, in experiments relating to the behavior of cold masses of air in the atmosphere and related frontal structures.
Industry:Weather
The pressure altitude corrected for temperature deviations from the standard atmosphere. Density altitude bears the same relation to pressure altitude as true altitude does to indicated altitude.
Industry:Weather
1. The ratio of the mass of any substance to the volume occupied by it (usually expressed in kilograms per cubic meter, but any other unit system may be used); the reciprocal of specific volume. In a continuous medium the density is defined by a limiting process and is a point function. 2. The ratio of any quantity to the volume or area it occupies; for example, flux density, power density, ion density, electron density, drainage density.
Industry:Weather
1. The conversion of nitrite or nitrate to gaseous end products NO, N2O, and N2 by denitrifying bacteria. Molecular nitrogen, N2, is the most abundant end product. The oxidized forms of N (nitrate, nitrite, nitric acid, nitric oxide, and nitrous oxide) serve as alternative electron acceptors in the absence of sufficient oxygen; thus, denitrification is primarily an anaerobic process. 2. The removal of active nitrogen from the atmosphere through uptake into particles. The term is particularly used in context with the irreversible uptake of nitric acid into ice clouds (polar stratospheric clouds) in the antarctic stratospheric vortex. This reduction in the level of active nitrogen allows ozone depletion by chlorine oxides to occur unchecked.
Industry:Weather
The inference of the long-term statistics of various hydrological phenomena in a region using tree rings.
Industry:Weather
