- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A type of applied climatology that studies the effect of climate and weather on industry's operations. The goal of industrial climatology is to provide industry with a sound statistical basis for all administrative and operational decisions that involve a weather factor.
Industry:Weather
A two-dimensional array of data with values at each element of the array related to an intensity or a color. An image is typically defined as the result of some type of image collection system; however, it could be the representation in two dimensions of any data by intensity or color.
Industry:Weather
A toxic, colorless, strongly acidic gas (HCl) that dissolves readily in water to form hydrochloric acid. In the troposphere, hydrochloric acid can be produced from the reaction of nitric acid or sulfuric acid with sea-salt particles (NaCl). It is also involved in the formation of ammonium chloride aerosol. HCl is also the most abundant form of chlorine in an inorganic compound found in the stratosphere. Produced there predominantly from the reaction of Cl atoms with methane and molecular hydrogen, it acts as a temporary, relatively unreactive reservoir species for chlorine.
Industry:Weather
A thermodynamic system that does not interact in any way with its surroundings. The internal energy and mass of such a system are conserved.
Industry:Weather
A theory of thunderstorm charge separation advanced by C. T. R. Wilson (1916). According to this theory, the lower negative charge of a thundercloud is generated by the accumulation there of raindrops that have captured predominantly negative ions in their descent through the cloud. The preferential capture of negative ions by such drops is said to be due to the polarization of the drops in the normal atmospheric electric field existing between the negatively charged earth and positively charged ionosphere. The lower halves of the falling drops therefore would attract and capture negative charges while their upper halves would be unable to draw in positive charges with comparable efficiency; thus a net negative charge would build up on the drops. This theory is generally regarded today as incapable of accounting for any important portion of thunderstorm charge separation, for it is quantitatively inadequate in view of typical ion densities. See precipitation current.
Industry:Weather
A term usually used in the context of a “thermally indirect circulation” that refers to a circulation that has ascending motion in a region of relatively low temperature and descending motion in a region of relatively high temperature. It therefore is sustained by dynamical processes rather than by thermal processes.
Industry:Weather
A system of designating meteorological observing stations by number, established and administered by the World Meteorological Organization. Under this scheme, specified areas of the world are divided into blocks, each bearing a two- number designator; stations within each block have an additional unique three-number designator, the numbers generally increasing from east to west and from south to north. The international language of this system facilitates quick identification of the source of any meteorological report.
Industry:Weather
A synoptic chart showing the distribution of wind speed by means of isotachs.
Industry:Weather
A system in which the (vector) momentum of a particle is conserved in the absence of external forces. Thus, only in an inertial system can Newton's laws of motion be appropriately applied. For all purposes in meteorology, a system with origin on the axis of the earth and fixed with respect to the stars (absolute coordinate system) can be considered an inertial system. When relative coordinate systems are used, moving with respect to the inertial system, apparent forces arise in Newton's laws, such as the Coriolis force.
Industry:Weather
