- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A code approved by the World Meteorological Organization in which the observable meteorological elements are encoded and transmitted in “words” of five numerical digits length.
Industry:Weather
A radiometric term for the rate at which radiant energy in a radiation field is transferred across a unit area of a surface (real or imaginary) in a hemisphere of directions. In general, irradiance depends on the orientation of the surface. The radiant energy may be confined to a narrow range of frequencies (spectral or monochromatic irradiance) or integrated over a broad range of frequencies. Irradiance follows from radiance but not, in general, vice versa. The photometric equivalent of irradiance is illuminance, obtained by integrating spectral irradiance times luminous efficiency over the visible spectrum. See Poynting vector.
Industry:Weather
A radiometric term for the rate at which radiant energy in a radiation field is transferred across a unit area of a surface (real or imaginary) in a hemisphere of directions. In general, irradiance depends on the orientation of the surface. The radiant energy may be confined to a narrow range of frequencies (spectral or monochromatic irradiance) or integrated over a broad range of frequencies. Irradiance follows from radiance but not, in general, vice versa. The photometric equivalent of irradiance is illuminance, obtained by integrating spectral irradiance times luminous efficiency over the visible spectrum. See Poynting vector.
Industry:Weather
A front, or portion thereof, that produces little cloudiness and precipitation, as opposed to an active front.
Industry:Weather
A front, or portion thereof, that produces little cloudiness and precipitation, as opposed to an active front.
Industry:Weather
In gaseous electric conduction, the average velocity with which a given ion drifts through a specified gas under the influence of an electric field of unit strength. Mobilities are commonly expressed in units of meters per second per volt per meter (m s−1(V m−1)−1). In a vacuum, a single gaseous ion subjected to any nonzero potential gradient would accelerate indefinitely; but in the midst of a gas the ion continually experiences collisions with gas molecules. These encounters tend to break up its trajectory into a series of short intervals of acceleration punctuated by deflections. The net result is that the ion's gross motion resembles drift at a uniform velocity. The mobility depends not only upon the nature of the ion and gas but also upon the density of the gas, for the latter controls the mean free path of the ion. In atmospheric electricity, the mobilities of small and large ions weight their relative importance in atmospheric conduction. Small ions have mobilities of about 1. 3 × 10−4 m s−1(V m−1)−1 in air at sea level with negative small ions exhibiting slightly greater values than do the positive small ions. High humidities suppress small ion mobilities slightly. Large ions have mobilities of only about 4 × 10−7 m s−1 (V m−1)−1 at sea level, their sluggishness being due to their great mass.
Industry:Weather
In gaseous electric conduction, the average velocity with which a given ion drifts through a specified gas under the influence of an electric field of unit strength. Mobilities are commonly expressed in units of meters per second per volt per meter (m s−1(V m−1)−1). In a vacuum, a single gaseous ion subjected to any nonzero potential gradient would accelerate indefinitely; but in the midst of a gas the ion continually experiences collisions with gas molecules. These encounters tend to break up its trajectory into a series of short intervals of acceleration punctuated by deflections. The net result is that the ion's gross motion resembles drift at a uniform velocity. The mobility depends not only upon the nature of the ion and gas but also upon the density of the gas, for the latter controls the mean free path of the ion. In atmospheric electricity, the mobilities of small and large ions weight their relative importance in atmospheric conduction. Small ions have mobilities of about 1. 3 × 10−4 m s−1(V m−1)−1 in air at sea level with negative small ions exhibiting slightly greater values than do the positive small ions. High humidities suppress small ion mobilities slightly. Large ions have mobilities of only about 4 × 10−7 m s−1 (V m−1)−1 at sea level, their sluggishness being due to their great mass.
Industry:Weather
In atmospheric electricity, the number of ions per unit volume of a given sample of air; more particularly, the number of ions of given type (positive small ion, negative small ion, positive large ion, etc. ) per unit volume of air.
Industry:Weather
In atmospheric electricity, the number of ions per unit volume of a given sample of air; more particularly, the number of ions of given type (positive small ion, negative small ion, positive large ion, etc. ) per unit volume of air.
Industry:Weather
