- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Usually, a model that employs the limitation that the system observed maintains a constant mass, that is, total mass divergence for the entire system is zero, but may be nonzero within the system.
Industry:Weather
The probability that reversible uptake of a gas-phase species will occur upon collision of that species with a given surface (liquid or solid). This is often equated with a “sticking” probability.
Industry:Weather
A measure of the rate of absorption of radiation, expressed as the absorption cross section per unit mass. Units are m<sup>2<sup> kg<sup>−1<sup>. See absorption coefficient.
Industry:Weather
A front the presence of which is not readily apparent on the surface synoptic chart because of local modifying influences such as radiation, topography, or mesoscale processes.
Industry:Weather
Tundra found along many subarctic coastal belts, usually with a high proportion of arctic plants and animals far south of their normal limit.
Industry:Weather
A type of air mass the characteristics of which are developed over an extensive water surface and which, therefore, has the basic maritime quality of high humidity content in at least its lower levels. See airmass classification; compare continental air.
Industry:Weather
A cloud forming in maritime air containing relatively low concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei. These clouds are characterized by a broader droplet size distribution and low droplet concentrations (some 100 cm<sup>−3</sup>). See continental cloud.
Industry:Weather
Aerosol produced by processes taking place near the ocean surface. Air entrained by breaking ocean waves (visible as whitecaps) forms bubbles that break at the water surface. The whitecaps produce a fine aerosol; the Rayleigh jet produces coarser particles that are carried aloft by the turbulent eddies of the winds. Aerosol also forms from chemical reaction of ocean-produced gases. See continental aerosol.
Industry:Weather
In meteorology, the process of transcribing weather information onto maps, diagrams, etc. It usually refers specifically to decoding synoptic reports and entering those data in conventional station-model form on synoptic charts. It is done either manually or by computer.
Industry:Weather
Radar of the type used on ships, can be employed to image ocean waves, to determine their directional spectrum, and also to determine ocean currents by their propagation speed. See also Doppler radar, microwave radar, synthetic aperture radar, high-frequency radar.
Industry:Weather
