- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The weather as observed from a ship at sea, usually taken in accordance with procedures specified by the World Meteorological Organization. The following elements are usually included: total cloud amount; wind direction and speed; visibility; current weather; pressure; temperature; selected cloud-layer data, that is, amount, type, and height; pressure tendency; seawater temperature; dewpoint temperature; state of the sea (waves); sea ice; and icing onboard ship. Also included are the date and time, and the name, position, course, and speed of the ship. The encoded and transmitted marine observations are known as ship reports. See ocean station vessel.
Industry:Weather
A rainbow seen in sea spray. It is optically the same as the ordinary rainbow, although the slightly different index of refraction of saltwater results in a shift in the angular radius of the bow, which is apparent if accompanied by a bow formed in raindrops.
Industry:Weather
A mercury barometer designed for use aboard ship. The instrument is of the fixed-cistern type (see Kew barometer). The mercury tube is constructed with a wide bore for its upper portion and with a capillary bore for its lower portion. This is done to increase the time constant of the instrument and thus prevent the motion of the ship from affecting the reading. The instrument is suspended in gimbals to reduce the effects of pitch and roll of the ship.
Industry:Weather
A forecast, for a specified oceanic and/or coastal area, of weather elements of particular interest to maritime transportation. These elements include wind, visibility, the general state of the weather, and storm warnings. Compare aviation weather forecast.
Industry:Weather
1. The record made by a marigraph. 2. Any graphic representation of the rise and fall of tide, with time as abscissa and height as ordinate.
Industry:Weather
A warm moist southeast wind from the sea on the French Mediterranean coast and in the Maritime Alps, especially frequent in spring and autumn. In the Rhône delta it blows also from the south. The marin is associated with depressions that cross southern France or northern Spain and the Gulf of Lions. Generally, it is strong and regular, sometimes violent and turbulent in hilly country as the ayalas in the Massif Central; it is very humid, cloudy with hill fog, and often rainy (unless unaccompanied by fronts, when it is the marin blanc). The heavy rains, which may continue for one or two days on the mountain slopes, cause dangerous river floods. On the western slope of the Cévennes it becomes the autan. In the southern Cévennes the marin is called the aygalas. On the coast of Catalonia (northeast Spain) and Roussillon (southern France) it is the marinada and generally occurs with a depression centered over or south of the Gulf of Gascony. Compare sirocco.
Industry:Weather
Long, well-defined wisps of cirrus clouds, thicker at one end than the other.
Industry:Weather
A procedure for solving continuous differential equations via stepwise changes in the values of the independent variables. The dependent variables are computed at each step. The differential equations are solved for an ordered set of discrete values of the independent variables. For example, in numerical weather prediction the state of the atmosphere is computed at discrete time steps starting from an observed initial state.
Industry:Weather
1. A geographic map on which meteorological conditions or elements are represented by figures, symbols, or isopleths. 2. Data values that are projected relative to a precise latitude–longitude grid in any specified projection, such as Mercator or polar stereographic.
Industry:Weather
