- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Snow that has fallen at very cold temperatures (of the order of −25°C). A surface cover of this snow has the consistency of dust or light, dry sand. See wild snow.
Industry:Weather
Snow that has been compressed at low temperatures and that sets into a tough substance of considerably greater strength than uncompressed snow (from ''Glossary of Arctic and Subarctic Terms'' 1955).
Industry:Weather
Sea ice (or river ice or lake ice) that has been deformed or altered by the lateral stresses of any combination of wind, water currents, tides, waves, and surf. This may include ice pressed against the shore, or one piece of ice upon another. Its two major forms are rafted ice and tented ice, which, individually or in combinations, may form pressure ridges or hummocked ice.
Industry:Weather
Snow covering the ridges and peaks of mountains when no snow exists at lower elevations.
Industry:Weather
Smaller-scale secondary vortices within a tornado core that orbit around a central axis. The transition of a one-celled vortex into secondary vortices in laboratory and numerical simulations occurs at high swirl ratios. The vortices produce cycloidal swaths within tornado damage tracks and are often used to explain the gradation of wind damage caused by a tornado. Structures in the path of a suction vortex are damaged while others are spared.
Industry:Weather
Small variations in sea level due to the Chandler wobble of the axis of rotation of the earth. This has a period close to 436 days. Maximum amplitudes of more than 30 mm are found in the Gulf of Bothnia, but elsewhere amplitudes are only a few millimeters.
Industry:Weather
Slow downhill movement, usually over relatively short distances, of near-surface masses of soil and loose rock material on hillslopes under the influence of gravity, soil dynamics (shrink– swell or freeze–thaw action), and soil-water movements. Same as surficial creep.
Industry:Weather
Similar to the Dupuit–Forchheimer assumptions, except that the streamlines are assumed to be parallel to the sloping aquifer base rather than horizontal.
Industry:Weather
Similar to inertial instability but caused by the imbalance between pressure gradient and inertial forces for infinitesimal disturbances that meridionally displace fluid along isentropes (in the atmosphere) or isopycnals (in the ocean). For geostrophic motion in the Northern Hemisphere, symmetric instability may occur only if the potential vorticity is negative.
Industry:Weather
