- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Nearly synonymous with wave, but more likely to be used in a restricted sense to mean a wave in which the quantity of interest is a physical displacement of matter, as, for example, waves on a string or on water.
Industry:Weather
Multiple tornado occurrences associated with a particular synoptic-scale system. In recent years, Galway (1977) has defined ten or more tornadoes as constituting an outbreak.
Industry:Weather
Mixing, generally diapycnal, for which the wind stress is the primary source of energy to drive the turbulent mixing motions.
Industry:Weather
Migratory wavelike disturbances in a region of persistent easterly winds (e.g., the tropical easterlies, equatorial easterlies, polar easterlies). The waves move from east to west, generally more slowly than the current in which they are embedded. See easterly wave.
Industry:Weather
Meteorological information issued when actual or expected weather conditions do not constitute a serious hazard but may cause inconvenience or concern. Examples of weather advisories include small craft advisories or winter weather advisories. Compare warning, watch.
Industry:Weather
Measures of the eddy scale sizes in turbulent flow. The separation between the largest and smallest sizes is determined by the Reynolds number. The largest length scales are usually imposed by the flow geometry, for example, the boundary layer depth. Because turbulence kinetic energy is extracted from the mean flow at the largest scales, they are often referred to as the “energy-containing” range. The smallest scales are set by the viscosity and the rate at which energy is supplied by the largest-scale eddies. Intermediate between these scales are the inertial subrange scales for which turbulence kinetic energy is neither generated nor destroyed but is transferred from larger to smaller scales. Smaller-scale eddies are generated from the larger eddies through the nonlinear process of vortex stretching. Typically, energy is transferred from the largest eddies to the smallest ones on a timescale of about one large- eddy turnover. There are standard turbulence length scales for each of the eddy scale sizes; integral length scales for the energy-containing eddies, Taylor microscale for the inertial subrange eddies, and Kolmogorov microscale for the dissipation range eddies.
Industry:Weather
Mathematical model used to simulate the variations in chemical composition over the earth's surface as a function of altitude with time. Such models are very expensive to run, since they contain detailed descriptions of atmospheric transport and usually only contain a limited number of trace chemical species. More detailed chemistry is usually encountered in two-dimensional models, where the variation with longitude is not considered.
Industry:Weather
Longwave radiation originating by thermal emission from the earth's surface only.
Industry:Weather
