- 行业: Agriculture
- Number of terms: 87409
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Established in October 1945 with the objective of eliminating hunger and improving nutrition and standards of living by increasing agricultural productivity, FAO coordinates the efforts of governments and technical agencies in programs for developing agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and land and ...
A serum sample that contains a mixture of immunoglobulin molecules secreted against a specific antigen, each recognizing a different epitope, some antibodies of which bind to different antigenic determinants of one antigen.
Industry:Biotechnology
A set of genes on a Ti plasmid that prepare the T-DNA segment for transfer into a plant cell.
Industry:Biotechnology
A set of overlapping clones that provide a physical map of a portion of a chromosome.
Industry:Biotechnology
A set of techniques which enable one to manipulate DNA. One of the main techniques is DNA cloning (because it produces an unlimited number of copies of a particular DNA segment), and the result is sometimes called a DNA clone or gene clone (if the segment is a gene), or simply a clone. An organism manipulated using recombinant DNA techniques is called a genetically modified organism (GMO).
Among other things, recombinant DNA technology involves:
- identifying genes;
- cloning genes;
- studying the expression of cloned genes; and
- producing large quantities of the gene product.
Industry:Biotechnology
A set of three nucleotides in mRNA, functioning as a unit of genetic coding by specifying a particular amino acid during the synthesis of polypeptides in a cell. A codon specifies a transfer RNA carrying a specific amino acid, which is incorporated into a polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. The specificity for translating genetic information from DNA into mRNA, then to protein, is provided by codon-anticodon pairing.
Industry:Biotechnology
A set of three nulecotides for which there is no corresponding tRNA molecule to insert an amino acid into the polypeptide chain. Protein synthesis is hence terminated and the completed polypeptide released from the ribosome. Three stop codons are found: UAA (ochre), UAG (amber) and UGA (opal). Mutations which generate any of these three codons in a position which normally contains a codon specifying an amino acid are known as <i>nonsense mutations</i>. Stop codons can also be called nonsense codons.
Industry:Biotechnology
A set of three nulecotides for which there is no corresponding tRNA molecule to insert an amino acid into the polypeptide chain. Protein synthesis is hence terminated and the completed polypeptide released from the ribosome. Three stop codons are found: UAA (ochre), UAG (amber) and UGA (opal). Mutations which generate any of these three codons in a position which normally contains a codon specifying an amino acid are known as <i>nonsense mutations</i>. Stop codons can also be called nonsense codons.
Industry:Biotechnology
A sexual cycle involving changes in chromosome number but differing in time and place from the usual sexual cycle; occurring in those fungi in which the normal cycle is suppressed or apparently absent.
Industry:Biotechnology
A shoot that arises from an underground root or stem and grows at the expense of the parent plant.
Industry:Biotechnology
A shoot tip or meristem tip is grafted onto a prepared seedling or micropropagated rootstock in culture. Meristem tip grafting is mainly used for <i>in vitro</i> virus elimination with <i>Citrus</i> spp. and other plants.
Industry:Biotechnology
