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McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
A common name applied to at least five related members of the grass family grown for their edible seeds: foxtail millet (<i>Setaria italica</i>), proso millet (<i>Panicum miliaceum</i>), pearl or cat-tail millet (<i>Pennisetum typhoideum</i>; formerly <i>P. glaucum</i>), Japanese barnyard millet (<i>Echinochloa frumentacea</i>), raggee or finger millet (<i>Eleusine coracana</i>), and koda millet (<i>Paspalum scrobiculatum</i>). Millets have been used since prehistoric times as food crops, primarily in regions where the warm growing season is short (60 to 120 days), or in dry regions where rainfall periodicity provides a short period when soil moisture permits growth and ripening of a short-season crop. Under these climatic conditions, one or more millets are grown in such diverse geographic regions as Russia, China, India, Africa, and Latin America.
Industry:Science
A common name applying to a large group of fishes, mostly in the order Perciformes, generally having the following characteristics: body about 2.5 or 3 times longer than its depth; two dorsal fins, the first composed of stiff spines; pectoral fins on the sides of the body just behind the head; pelvic fins thoracic in position, with one spine and five rays; ctenoid scales; a relatively large mouth; and a predatory lifestyle. Because “bass” is not a taxonomic unit, however, the term cannot be precisely described or defined. In the western North Atlantic, the eastern North Pacific, and freshwaters of Central and North America alone, the word “bass” appears in the vernacular of 53 species and six hybrids in 17 genera and six families. A generally accepted limited taxonomy of the basses follows. (A indicates a North Atlantic range; P, North Pacific; F, fresh waters of Central and North America.) Fishes called “basslet” (primarily family Grammatidae) are not included. <ul class="articlebody"><li>Order Perciformes</li><li> Suborder Percoidei</li><li> Family Moronidae—temperate basses</li><li> <i>Morone americana</i>—white perch (A-F)</li><li> <i>Morone chrysops</i>—white bass (F)</li><li> <i>Morone mississippiensis</i>—yellow bass (F)</li><li> <i>Morone saxatilis</i>—striped bass (A-F)</li><li> <i>♂ Morone americana</i> × ♀<i>M. saxatilis</i></li><li> hybrid—Virginia bass (F)</li><li> ♀<i>Morone americana</i> × ♂ <i>M. saxatilis</i></li><li> hybrid—Maryland bass</li><li> ♀<i>Morone chrysops</i> × ♂ <i>M. saxatilis</i></li><li> hybrid—sunshine bass</li><li> <i>♂Morone chrysops</i> × ♀, <i>M. saxatilis</i></li><li> hybrid—palmetto bass</li><li> <i>♂Morone mississippiensis</i> × ♀ <i>M. saxatilis</i></li><li> hybrid—paradise bass</li><li> Family Acropomatidae—lanternbellies</li><li> <i>Synagrops bellus</i>—blackmouth bass (A)</li><li> <i>Synagrops spinosus</i>—keelcheek bass (A)</li><li> <i>Synagrops trispinosus</i>—threespine bass (A)</li><li> Family Polyprionidae—wreckfishes</li><li> <i>Stereolepis gigas</i>—giant sea bass (P)</li><li> Family Symphysanodontidae—slopefishes</li><li> <i>Symphysanodon berryi</i>—slope bass (A)</li><li> Family Serranidae—sea basses and groupers</li><li> <i>Anthias nicholii</i>—yellowfin bass (A)</li><li> <i>Anthias tenius</i>—threadnose bass (A)</li><li> <i>Anthias woodsi</i>—swallowtail bass (A)</li><li> <i>Bathyanthias mexacana</i>—yellowtail bass (A)</li><li> <i>Bullisichthys caribbaeus</i>—pugnose bass (A)</li><li> <i>Centropristis fuscula</i>—twospot sea bass (A)</li><li> <i>Centropristis ocyurus</i>—bank sea bass (A)</li><li> <i>Centropristis philadelphica</i>—rock sea bass (A)</li><li> <i>Centropristis striatus</i>—black sea bass (A)</li><li> <i>Dermatolepis dermatolepis</i>—leather bass (P)</li><li> <i>Hemanthias aureorubens</i>—streamer bass (A)</li><li> <i>Hemanthias leptus</i>—longtail bass (A)</li><li> <i>Hemanthias peruanus</i>—splittail bass (P)</li><li> <i>Hemanthias signifier</i>—hookthroat bass (P)</li><li> <i>Paralabrax auroguttatus</i>—goldspotted sand bass (A)</li><li> <i>Paralabrax clathratus</i>—kelp bass (P)</li><li> <i>Paralabrax loro</i>—parrot sand bass (P)</li><li> <i>Paralabrax maculatofasciatus</i>—spotted sand bass (P)</li><li> <i>Paralabrax nebulifer</i> barred sea bass (P)</li><li><i> Paralabrax atrimanus</i>—bank bass (A)</li><li> <i>Plectranthias garrupellus</i>—apricot bass (A)</li><li> <i>Pronotogrammus eos</i>—bigeye bass (P)</li><li> <i>Pronotogrammus martinicensis</i>—roughtongue bass (A)</li><li> <i>Pronotogrammus multifasciatus</i>—threadfin bass (P)</li><li> <i>Pronotogrammus gregoryi</i>—reef bass (A)</li><li> <i>Pronotogrammus thaumasium</i>—Pacific reef bass (P)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus pumilo</i>—pygmy sea bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus annularis</i>—orangeback bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus atrobranchus</i>—blackearX bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus baldwini</i>—lantern bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus chionaraia</i> snow bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus flaviventris</i>—twinspot bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus luciopercanus</i>—crosshatch bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus notospilus</i>—saddle bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus tigrinus</i>—harlequin bass (A)</li><li> <i>Serraniculus tortugarum</i>—chalk bass</li><li> Family Centrarchidae—sunfishes</li><li> <i>Ambloplites ariommus</i>—shadow bass (F)</li><li> <i>Ambloplites cavifrons</i>—Roanoke bass (F)</li><li> <i>Ambloplites constellatus</i>—Ozark bass (F)</li><li> <i>Ambloplites rupestris</i>—rock bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus cataractae</i>—shoal bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus coosae</i>—redeye bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus dolomieu</i>—smallmouth bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus notius</i>—Suwannee bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus punctulatus</i>—spotted bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus salmoides</i>—largemouth bass (F)</li><li> <i>Micropterus treculii</i>—Guadalupe bass (F)</li><li> <i>Lepomis macrochirus</i> × <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> hybrid—blue bass (F)</li></ul>
Industry:Science
A common name designating a number of grasses found in the North Temperate Zone that produce highly palatable and nutritious forage. Of these, smooth bromegrass (<i>Bromus inermis</i>) is the most important (see <b>illus.</b>). This species was introduced to the United States during the 1880s from central Europe and Russia, where it is native. It proved to be well adapted to regions of cold winters and limited rainfall. Although first widely used in the eastern Great Plains and western Corn Belt regions, improved strains are now grown extensively for hay and rotation pastures north of the Mason-Dixon line, from the Plains to the Atlantic. Smooth bromegrass is a long-lived perennial, spreads by underground creeping stems, and is fairly deep rooted and drought-tolerant. Top growth is 2–4 ft (0.6–1.2 m) tall and is used for hay or pasture. Regional strains are available for Canada and the northern two-thirds of the United States. Bromegrass tolerates a wide range of soil conditions, but responds well to higher levels of fertility. Where the moisture supply is adequate, smooth bromegrass grows well in mixtures with alfalfa and red clover. The seeds of bromegrass are large, light, and chaffy, and successful planting requires special seeders.
Industry:Science
A common name used loosely to designate the true clovers, sweet clovers, and other members of the plant family Leguminosa. This article discusses true clovers, sweet clover, and clover diseases.
Industry:Science
A common operation to effect distribution, intermingling, and homogeneity of matter. Actually the operation is called agitation, with the term “mixing” being applicable when the goal is blending, that is, homogeneity. Other processes, such as reaction, mass transfer (includes solubility and crystallization), heat transfer, and dispersion, are also promoted by agitation. The type, extent, and intensity of agitation determine both the rates and adequacy of a particular process result. The agitation is accomplished by a variety of equipment.
Industry:Science
A common psychiatric disorder of childhood characterized by attentional difficulties, impulsivity, and hyperactivity; known earlier as attention deficit disorder. A disorder or a syndrome comprises a group of signs and symptoms which tend to cluster together (symptoms refer to what the patient experiences; signs refer to what the physician observes). Other older names for this disorder include minimal brain dysfunction, minimal brain damage, hyperactivity, hyperkinesis, and hyperactive child syndrome. Over time, these names were modified due to their implications about etiology and core symptoms: minimal brain dysfunction seemed to imply that children with this disorder were brain-damaged, while hyperactivity and its synonyms named a feature seen in many but not all of these children. Recent studies indicate that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder tends to follow a chronic course, persisting in many cases not only into adolescence but into adulthood.
Industry:Science
A common rock composed of serpentine minerals, serpentinite is usually formed through the hydration of ultramafic rocks, dunites, and peridotites in a process known as serpentinization. The result is the formation of hydrated magnesium-rich minerals, such as antigorite, chrysotile, or lizardite, commonly with magnetite or, less frequently, brucite.
Industry:Science
A common sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>. Gonococci are gram-negative microorganisms that usually appear as pairs (diplococci). Humans are the only natural hosts for <i>N. gonorrhoeae</i>, which directly infects the epithelium of the mucous membranes of the human genital tract, pharynx, rectum, or conjunctiva. Local epithelial cell destruction usually occurs, but the organisms may spread to adjacent organs or disseminate via the bloodstream. In women, local complications include inflammation of the uterine lining (endometritis), inflammation of the fallopian tube (salpingitis), inflammation of the abdominal wall (peritonitis), and inflammation of Bartholin's glands (bartholinitis); in men, periurethral abscess and inflammation of a duct connected to the testes (epididymitis). Systemic manifestations such as arthritis or dermatitis may develop, and rarely endocarditis or meningitis.
Industry:Science
A common, highly contagious respiratory disease of dogs, also known as canine infectious tracheobronchitis. Several different bacteria and viruses are usually associated with the disease. Symptoms are generally mild but may vary widely depending on the agent, the host, and environmental factors. The main feature of the disease is sudden onset of violent coughing in dogs that had a recent exposure to other (infected) dogs. The disease is easily transmitted between dogs by droplets in the air or direct contact and often occurs as outbreaks or as a seasonal infection. Most dogs completely recover within 2 weeks; however, chronic and severe forms of the disease sometimes occur.
Industry:Science
A communications system that allows users to access more than one central office line, answer or access a central office line from more than one telephone, and place a line on hold in order to answer or initiate calls on other lines. The system usually includes an intercom capability that allows users on different telephones in the system to communicate with one another.
Industry:Science
