- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
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- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
A general term for burned (or calcined) limestone, also known as quicklime, hydrated lime, and unslaked or slaked lime. Use of lime as a building material in mortar and plaster coincides with earliest recorded history. However, since development of the chemical process industries, its predominant usage is as a basic industrial chemical, where it ranks second to sulfuric acid in tonnage. It still enjoys its traditional building uses, but more than 90% is used as a chemical. Uses in order of decreasing size are steel fluxing, water treatment, nonferrous metals (alumina, magnesium, copper, and others), pulp and paper, refractories, soil stabilization, sewage and trade waste treatment, chemicals, and glass manufacture.
Industry:Science
A general term for the luminescence excited by the application of an electric field to a system, usually in the solid state. Solid-state electroluminescent systems can be made quite thin, leading to applications in thin-panel area light sources and flat screens to replace cathode-ray tubes for electronic display and image formation.
Industry:Science
A general term for the somatic sensibilities aroused by stimulation of bodily tissues such as the skin, muscles, tendons, joints, and the viscera. Six primary qualities of somatic sensation are commonly recognized: touch-pressure (including temporal variations such as vibration), warmth, coolness, pain, itch, and the position and movement of the joints.
Industry:Science
A general term implying a deficiency of precipitation of sufficient magnitude to interfere with some phase of the economy. Agricultural drought, occurring when crops are threatened by lack of rain, is the most common. Hydrologic drought, when reservoirs are depleted, is another common form. The Palmer index has been used by agriculturalists to express the intensity of drought as a function of rainfall and hydrologic variables.
Industry:Science
A general term including the science and technology of flight through the air. Aviation also applies to the mode of travel provided by aircraft as carriers of passengers and cargo, and as such is part of the total transportation system. Aviation also describes the employment of aircraft in such fields as military aviation. The world of the airplane, including the people who manufacture, market, and repair aircraft or who work in allied industries, is frequently spoken of as aviation.
Industry:Science
A general term referring to a system or part of a system of conducting parts and their interconnections through which an electric current is intended to flow. A circuit is made up of active and passive elements or parts and their interconnecting conducting paths. The active elements are the sources of electric energy for the circuit; they may be batteries, direct-current generators, or alternating-current generators. The passive elements are resistors, inductors, and capacitors. The electric circuit is described by a circuit diagram or map showing the active and passive elements and their connecting conducting paths.
Industry:Science
A general term that covers the ordnance and control systems used by naval ships and aircraft. It includes a wide spectrum of weapons designed for use against targets in the air, on land or sea, or under the ocean surface.
Industry:Science
A general theory of physics, primarily conceived by Albert Einstein, which involves a profound analysis of time and space, leading to a generalization of physical laws, with far-reaching implications in important branches of physics and in cosmology. Historically, the theory developed in two stages. Einstein's initial formulation in 1905 (now known as the special, or restricted, theory of relativity) does not treat gravitation; and one of the two principles on which it is based, the principle of relativity (the other being the principle of the constancy of the speed of light), stipulates the form invariance of physical laws only for inertial reference systems. Both restrictions were removed by Einstein in his general theory of relativity developed in 1915, which exploits a deep-seated equivalence between inertial and gravitational effects, and leads to a successful “relativistic” generalization of Isaac Newton's theory of gravitation.
Industry:Science
A generalization of the complex plane that was originally conceived to make sense of mathematical expressions such as √<span style="border-top:1px solid black;"><i>z</i></span> or log <i>z</i>. These expressions cannot be made single-valued and analytic in the punctured plane <b>C</b>\(0) (that is, the complex plane with the point 0 removed). The difficulty is that for some closed paths the value of the expression when reaching the end of the path is not the same as it is at the beginning. For example, the closed path can be chosen to be the unit circle centered at <i>z</i> = 0 and followed counterclockwise from <i>z</i> = 1. If √<span style="border-top:1px solid black;"><i>z</i></span> is assigned the value +1 at <i>z</i> = 1, its value at the end of the circuit is −1. Similarly, if log <i>z</i> is assigned the value 0 at <i>z</i> = 1, at the end of the circuit, allowing the values to change continuously, the value is 2π<i>i</i>.
Industry:Science
A generalization of the concept of a multiplet. A multiplet is a set of quantum-mechanical states, each of which has the same value of some fundamental quantum number and differs from the other members of the set by another quantum number which takes values from a range of numbers dictated by the fundamental quantum number. The number of states in the set is called the multiplicity or dimension of the multiplet. The concept was originally introduced to describe the set of states in a nonrelativistic quantum-mechanical system with the same value of the orbital angular momentum, <i>L</i>, and different values of the projection of the angular momentum on an axis, <i>M</i>. The values that <i>M</i> can take are the integers between −<i>L</i> and <i>L</i>, 2<i>L</i> + 1 in all. This is the dimension of the multiplet. If the hamiltonian operator describing the system is rotationally invariant, all states of the multiplet have the same energy. A supermultiplet is a generalization of the concept of multiplet to the case when there are several quantum numbers that describe the quantum-mechanical states.
Industry:Science
