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- Number of terms: 178089
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McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
A genus of tropical trees and shrubs belonging to the Logania family (Loganiaceae). <i>Strychnos nux-vomica</i>, a native of India and Ceylon, is the source of strychnine (see <b>illus.</b>). The alkaloid, strychnine, has been used medicinally in the treatment of certain nervous disorders and paralysis. Curare, used by the Indians to poison arrows, is obtained from <i>S. toxifera</i> and <i>S. castelnaei</i> in Guiana and Amazonas and from <i>S. tieute</i> in the Sunda Islands. Curare paralyzes the motor nerve endings in striated muscles and is used in medical practice in cases in which a state of extreme muscular relaxation or even immobility is desirable. It has become an important drug in the field of anesthesiology.
Industry:Science
A genus of unicellular shelled protoctist (protozoa) of the class Foraminifera (order Rotaliida, family Nummulitidae). The shells of <i>Nummulites</i> and other large, internally complex foraminifers commonly occurred in rock-forming abundances on continental shelves and around oceanic islands throughout subtropical and tropical regions during the Cenozoic. Resulting limestones are important hydrocarbon reservoirs from the Philippines and Indonesia westward to Trinidad and Venezuela. Nummulitic limestones have been used as building materials around the Mediterranean; the pyramids of Egypt were constructed of blocks of Eocene age. <i>Nummulites</i> shells are useful stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental indicators; the Paleogene was formerly known as the Nummulitic Period.
Industry:Science
A genus of very small, coccoid to ellipsoidal, pleomorphic, nonmotile and nonsporulating, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. It was named for Edward Francis, who studied the tularemia bacterium. Fastidious and strictly aerobic, it grows at 98.6°F (37°C) within several days, but only in enriched media such as coagulated egg yolk or glucose-cysteine-blood-agar. The genus is catalase-negative. Acid is produced from several carbohydrates; indole, urease, gelatinase, and nitrate reductase are not formed. The genome deoxyribonucleic acid contains 32–36 mol % guanine plus cytosine. The organisms occur in natural waters of the Northern Hemisphere, and can be parasitic and pathogenic in birds, anthropods, and mammals, including humans.
Industry:Science
A genus of woody climbers of the dogbane family (Apocynaceae), natives of tropical Asia and Africa. They are the source of arrow poisons. The dried, greenish, ripe seeds (see <b>illus.</b>) of <i>Strophanthus hispidus</i> and <i>S. kombe</i> contain the glucoside strophanthin, which is much used in treating heart ailments. Strophanthin acts directly on heart muscle, increasing muscular force. It causes the heart to beat more regularly and decreases the pulse rate. Strophanthin is a precursor of cortisone, which is used in the treatment of arthritis.
Industry:Science
A genus, <i>Acer</i>, of broad-leaved, deciduous trees including about 115 species in North America, Asia, Europe, and North Africa. This genus is characterized by simple, opposite, usually palmately lobed (rarely pinnate) leaves, generally inconspicuous flowers, and a fruit consisting of two long-winged samaras or keys. The winter buds have several overlapping scales, rarely only two. The most important commercial species is the sugar or rock maple (<i>A</i>. <i>saccharum</i>), called hard maple in the lumber market. This tree, attaining a height of 120 ft (37 m), grows in the eastern half of the United States and adjacent Canada. It can be recognized by its gray furrowed bark, sharp-pointed scaly winter buds, and symmetrical oval outline of the crown (<b>illus. <i>a</i></b>).
Industry:Science
A genus, <i>Aesculus</i>, of deciduous trees or shrubs belonging to the plant order Sapindales. Buckeyes grow in North America, southeast Europe, and eastern Asia to India. The distinctive features are opposite, palmately compound leaves and a large fruit having a firm outer coat and containing usually one large seed with a conspicuous hilum. The Ohio buckeye (<i>A</i>. <i>glabra</i>), a small tree which may grow to a height of 30 ft (9 m), is found mainly in the Ohio valley and in the southern Appalachians. It can be recognized by the glabrous winter buds, prickly fruits 1–2 in. (2.5–5 cm) long, and compound leaves having five leaflets.
Industry:Science
A genus, <i>Diospyros</i>, of the ebony family, containing more than 250 species. Some species are important for succulent fruits, such as date plum, kaki plum, and persimmon, and several for timber, particularly the heartwood, the true ebony of commerce.
Industry:Science
A genus, <i>Fagus</i>, of deciduous trees of the beech family, Fagaceae, order Fagales. They can best be distinguished by their long (often more than 1 in. or 2.5 cm), slender, scaly winter buds; their thin, gray bark, smooth even in old trees; and their simple, toothed, ovate or ovate-oblong, deciduous leaves.
Industry:Science
A genus, <i>Fraxinus</i>, of deciduous trees of the olive family Oleaceae, order Scrophulariales, which have opposite, pinnate leaflets, except in one species, <i>F</i>. <i>anomala</i>, which has only a single leaflet. There are about 65 species in the Northern Hemisphere. This tree occurs in America south to Mexico, in Asia south to Java, and in Europe.
Industry:Science
A genus, <i>Larix</i>, of the pine family, with deciduous needles and short spurlike branches, which annually bear a crown of needles. The cones are small and persistent, varying by species in size, number, and form of the cone scales. The tamarack (<i>L. laricina</i>), also called hackmatack, is a native species, has erect, narrowly pyramidal habit, and grows in wet and moist soils in the northeastern United States, west to the Lake states, and across Canada to Alaska. The cones are ½–frac34 in. (12–19 mm) long (see <b>illus.</b>). The tough resinous wood is durable in contact with the soil and is used for railroad ties, posts, sills, and boats. Other uses include the manufacture of excelsior, cabinet work, interior finish, and utility poles.
Industry:Science
