- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
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McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
A higher-level taxon that includes all mammals except monotremes and marsupials. Eutheria (Placentalia) is variously ranked as an infraclass or cohort within Mammalia. Eutheria includes over 4000 living species arranged in 18 orders; another 12 orders are known only from fossils. An ecologically diverse group, Eutheria includes primates, insectivores, bats, rodents, carnivores, elephants, ungulates, and whales. Like other mammals, eutherians are generally fur-covered and produce milk to nourish their young. In part because they can make their own body heat and regulate their body temperature, eutherians are widely distributed over most continents and occur in all oceans.
Industry:Science
A higher-order bonding interaction between electron orbitals on three or more contiguous atoms in a molecule, which leads to characteristic changes in physical properties and chemical reactivity. One participant in this interaction can be the electron pair in the π-orbital of a multiple (that is, double or triple) bond between two atoms, or a single electron or electron pair or electron vacancy on a single atom. The second component will be the pair of π-electrons in an adjacent multiple bond in the case of conjugation, and in the case of hyperconjugation it will be the pair of electrons in an adjacent polarized σ-bond (that is, a bond where the electrons are held closer to one atom than the other due to electronegativity differences between the two atoms).
Industry:Science
A high-grade ceramic ware characterized by high strength, a white color (under the glaze), very low absorption, good translucency, and a hard glaze. Equivalent terms are European porcelain, hard porcelain, true porcelain, and hard paste porcelain.
Industry:Science
A highly ambiguous term that designates four different concepts: (1) objective pattern (or natural regularity), (2) formula purporting to represent an objective pattern, (3) law-based rule (or uniform procedure), and (4) principle concerning any of the preceding. To avoid confusion, these concepts will be called laws of types 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively.
Industry:Science
A highly complex organ consisting of sensory and motor systems that constitutes part of the nervous system. Virtually all of the brain systems that are found in mammals occur in birds, reptiles, and amphibians, as well as in fishes and sharks. These systems have become more complex and sophisticated as the adaptive requirements of the animals changed. Occasionally, new sensory systems arose, most likely as specializations of existing systems; however, some of these disappeared as animals left the aquatic world. Some sensory systems arose and declined several times in different lineages. In spite of the many changes in brain structure, some of them quite dramatic, the evolution of the nervous system, from the earliest vertebrates through to those of today, has been relatively conservative.
Industry:Science
A highly contagious disease of the upper respiratory tract of horses and other members of the family Equidae, characterized by inflammation of the pharynx and abscess formation in lymph nodes. This disease occurs in horses of all ages throughout the world. The causative agent is <i>Streptococcus equi</i>, a clonal pathogen apparently derived from an ancestral strain of <i>S. zooepidemicus</i>. It is an obligate parasite of horses, donkeys and mules.
Industry:Science
A highly contagious epizootic disease of pigs, also known as hog cholera. The causative agent is a virus in the family Flaviviridae, genus <i>Pestivirus</i>. Due to its significant economic impact, this disease is the subject of statutory controls in a majority of countries. It has been eradicated from many areas, including the United States, Canada, Australasia, and most parts of Europe. Clinically and pathologically, it closely resembles African swine fever, which is caused by an unrelated virus.
Industry:Science
A highly contagious intestinal disease caused by rod-shaped bacteria of the genus <i>Shigella</i>. Bacillary dysentery is a significant infection of children in the developing world, where it is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. The global disease burden is estimated as 165 million episodes and 1.3 million deaths annually. Common-source outbreaks occasionally occur in developed countries, usually as a result of contaminated food. The most common species isolated in developed countries is <i>S. sonnei</i>, while <i>S. flexneri</i> serotypes predominate in endemic areas. Epidemics of <i>S. dysenteriae</i> 1 occur in equatorial regions, and these outbreaks can involve adults as well as children.
Industry:Science
A highly fatal insect-borne viral disease of horses and mules, and a mild, subclinical disease in donkeys and zebras. It occurs in sub-Saharan Africa, but incursions outside Africa have been documented. Dogs may be affected by consuming infected horsemeat.
Industry:Science
A highly heterogeneous, worldwide order of field, marsh, and aquatic birds that may be closely related to the shorebirds and their allies (see <b>illustration</b>). Diagnosis of this order is difficult because of its great diversity; some taxonomists divide the gruiforms into a number of separate and possibly unrelated orders. Some families, such as the Turnicidae and the Pedionomidae, are considered by some workers to be members of the Charadriiformes. Many of the families contain a small number of species and live in restricted areas.
Industry:Science
