- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
A sensor that uses thin optical fibers to carry light to and from a location to be probed. In performing the sensing, light can be lost from the fibers or modified in velocity by the action of the phenomena on the fiber. Fiber-optic sensors are ideal for probing in remote or hostile locations, where miniature sensors are required such as in the body, or where extreme sensitivity is required. Two classes of fiber sensors have evolved: intensity sensors, in which the amplitude of light in the fiber is changed during sensing, and interferometric sensors, in which the velocity of light or its phase is modified during sensing. The latter class has proved to be extremely sensitive; intensity sensors are used where moderate performance is acceptable and lower cost is important.
Industry:Science
A separation method in which a nonwetting, microporous membrane is used with a liquid feed phase on one side of the membrane and a condensing, permeate phase on the other side. Membrane distillation is also known as transmembrane distillation, membrane evaporation, and thermo-pervaporation. Separation by membrane distillation is based on the relative volatility of various components in the feed solution. The driving force for transport is the partial pressure difference across the membrane. Separation occurs when vapor from components of higher volatility passes through the membrane pores by a convective or diffusive mechanism.
Industry:Science
A separation technique involving the transport of a liquid mobile phase through a column containing the separation medium, a porous material. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), also called size exclusion chromatography and gel filtration, affords a rapid method for the separation of oligomeric and polymeric species. The separation is based on differences in molecular size in solution. It is of particular importance for research in biological systems and is the method of choice for determining molecular weight distribution of synthetic polymers.
Industry:Science
A sequence of operations in which pig iron and scrap steel are processed to remove impurities and are separated into the refined metal and slag.
Industry:Science
A sequence of thermodynamic processes whereby heat is withdrawn from a cold body and expelled to a hot body. Theoretical thermodynamic cycles consist of nondissipative and frictionless processes. For this reason, a thermodynamic cycle can be operated in the forward direction to produce mechanical power from heat energy, or it can be operated in the reverse direction to produce heat energy from mechanical power. The reversed cycle is used primarily for the cooling effect that it produces during a portion of the cycle and so is called a refrigeration cycle. It may also be used for the heating effect, as in the comfort warming of space during the cold season of the year.
Industry:Science
A series in which the metals are listed in the order of their chemical reactivity, the most active at the top and the less reactive or more “noble” metals at the bottom. In a broader sense such an activity series need not be limited to the metals but may be carried on through the electronegative (nonmetallic) elements as well. See the <b>table</b> for a list of common elements.
Industry:Science
A series of events, discovered in filamentous fungi, which lead to genetic recombination outside the standard sexual cycle.
Industry:Science
A series of intermetallic compounds that have a particular crystal structure and the chemical formula A<sub>3</sub>B, where A represents a transition element and B can be either a transition element or a nontransition element. Many A15 compounds exhibit the phenomenon of superconductivity at relatively high temperatures in the neighborhood of 20 K (−424°F) and in high magnetic fields on the order of several tens of teslas (several hundred kilogauss). High-temperature–high-field superconductivity has a number of important technological applications and is a challenging fundamental research area in condensed-matter physics.
Industry:Science
A series of professional operations including editing, designing, typography, platemaking, printing, and binding to transform a manuscript and its related illustrations into book form.
Industry:Science
A series of projections and slots used instead of a key to prevent relative rotation of cylindrically fitted machine parts. Splines are several projections machined on the shaft; the shaft fits into a mating bore called a spline fitting. Splines are made in two forms, square and involute (see <b>illus.</b>). Since there are several projections (integral keys) to share the force in transmitting power, the splines can be shallow, thereby not weakening the shaft as much as a standard key.
Industry:Science
