- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
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McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
A specific system or procedure for determining accurate manufacturing costs in order to achieve profitability goals. Traditional accounting systems allocate overhead costs by using a volume-oriented base, such as direct labor hours or direct material dollars. The cost allocation bases of direct labor or production quantity were designed primarily for inventory valuation. As a consequence, traditional cost accounting methods are fully effective only when direct labor (or direct materials) is the dominant cause of cost.
Industry:Science
A specific type of ordering in a system of magnetic moments or the magnetic behavior resulting from such order. In some magnetic materials the magnetic ions in a crystal unit cell may differ in their magnetic properties. This is clearly so when some of the ions are of different species. It is also true for similar ions occupying crystallographically inequivalent sites. Such ions differ in their interactions with other ions, because the dominant exchange interaction is mediated by the neighboring nonmagnetic ions. They also experience different crystal electric fields, and these affect the magnetic anisotropy of the ion.
A collection of all the magnetic sites in a crystal with identical behavior is referred to as a magnetic sublattice. A material is said to exhibit ferrimagnetic order when, first, all moments on a given sublattice point in a single direction and, second, the resultant moments of the sublattices lie parallel or antiparallel to one another. The notion of such an order is due to L. Néel, who showed in 1948 that its existence would explain many of the properties of the magnetic ferrites.
Industry:Science
A spectrum consisting of groups or bands of closely spaced lines. Band spectra are characteristic of molecular gases or chemical compounds. When the light emitted or absorbed by molecules is viewed through a spectroscope with small dispersion, the spectrum appears to consist of very wide asymmetrical lines called bands. These bands usually have a maximum intensity near one edge, called a band head, and a gradually decreasing intensity on the other side. In some band systems the intensity shading is toward shorter waves, in others toward longer waves. Each band system consists of a series of nearly equally spaced bands called progressions; corresponding bands of different progressions form groups called sequences.
Industry:Science
A sphere with a map of the world on its surface, the traditional model of the Earth. The use of a round object whose surface is equidistant at every point from the center ignores the Earth's true shape. Satellite measurements from space show that the Earth is slightly flattened at the Poles and bulges in the Southern Hemisphere. However, when scaled down to the size of a globe, these irregularities disappear. Compared with flat maps, all of which distort the Earth's surface patterns, the graphical representation produced by a spherical terrestrial globe eliminates serious inaccuracies and distortions of the relative size, direction, and shape of areas on Earth.
Industry:Science
A spice from the plant <i>Elettaria cardamomum</i> (Zingiberaceae), a perennial herb 6–12 ft (1.8–3.6 m) tall and native to India. The small, light-colored seeds, borne in capsules, have a delicate flavor. An important spice in the Orient for centuries, they are used in curries, cakes, pickles, and in general cooking, as well as in medicine. In India the seeds are a favorite masticatory.
Industry:Science
A splitting of spectral lines when the light source being studied is placed in a magnetic field. Discovered by P. Zeeman in 1896, the Zeeman effect furnishes information of prime importance in the analysis of spectra. Each kind of spectral term has its characteristic mode of splitting, and the types of terms are most definitely identified by this property. Furthermore, the effect allows an evaluation of the ratio of charge to mass of the electron and an evaluation of its precise magnetic moment.
Industry:Science
A standard laboratory measure of a fuel's ability to resist knock during combustion in a spark-ignition engine. A single-cylinder four-stroke engine of standardized design is used to determine the knock resistance of a given fuel by comparing it with that of primary reference fuels composed of varying proportions of two pure hydrocarbons, one very high in knock resistance and the other very low. A highly knock-resistant isooctane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane, C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub>) is assigned a rating of 100 on the octane scale, and normal heptane (C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>16</sub>), with very poor knock resistance, represents zero on the scale. Octane number is defined as the percentage of isooctane required in a blend with normal heptane to match the knocking behavior of the gasoline being tested.
Industry:Science
A star containing about 1½ solar masses of material compressed into a volume approximately 6 mi (10 km) in radius. (1 solar mass equals 4.4 × 10<sup>30</sup> lbm or 2.0 × 10<sup>30</sup> kg.) Neutron stars are one of the end points of stellar evolution and are the final states of stars that begin their lives with considerably more mass than the Sun. The density of neutron star material is 10<sup>14</sup> to 10<sup>15</sup> times the density of water and exceeds the density of matter in the nuclei of atoms. Neutron stars are pulsars (pulsating radio sources) if they rotate sufficiently rapidly and have strong enough magnetic fields.
Industry:Science
A star that is a member of a stellar association and is located at an unusual position on the association's color-magnitude diagram, above the turnoff from the main sequence.
Industry:Science
A star whose state of evolution resembles that of the Sun. The term “dwarf star” derives from the early work of Ejnar Hertzsprung and Henry Norris Russell, who distinguished two kinds of stars, large ones called giants (or supergiants) and smaller ones called dwarfs. “Dwarf” is synonymous with “main sequence star” (Morgan-Keenan-Kellman (MKK) luminosity class V, where the luminosity classes are supergiants = I, bright giants = II, giants = III, subgiants = IV, and dwarfs = V), and implies not size but evolutionary condition. Dwarfs are stars that, like the Sun, fuse hydrogen into helium in their cores, the thermonuclear reactions providing energy and support.
Industry:Science
