- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the core eudicots. The order consists of 26 families and about 12,500 species. The order has been expanded from the traditional concept of 12 families (core Caryophyllales), which are characterized by P-type sieve-tube plastids, the presence of betalains (except in Caryophyllaceae) instead of anthocyanins, and frequent occurrence of succulent habit. The four largest families of core Caryophyllales are Aizoaceae (about 2500 species), Amaranthaceae (about 2300 species), Cactaceae (about 2000 species), and Caryophyllaceae (about 2000 species). The expanded order is more difficult to define on the basis of morphology, but anomalous secondary growth, multicellular glands (trichomes), ellagic acid, and naphthaquinones occur frequently. Many representatives grow in marginal environments such as saltmarshes and deserts.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the Eudicotyledon. The order consists of two families, the Trochodendraceae and Tetracentraceae, each with only a single species. The two species are often united into the single family Trochodendraceae. The group is of considerable botanical and evolutionary interest, as it is situated near the base of the advanced Eudicotyledon and links this larger group with more primitive flowering plants. Trochodendrales comprise trees of eastern and southeastern Asia with primitive (without vessels) wood. The flowers have a much reduced perianth with scarcely sealed carpels that are only slightly fused to each other.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Arecidae of the class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). It consists of two families, the Araceae, with only 1800 species, and the Lemnaceae, with only about 30.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Asteridae of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The order consists of 12 families and more than 11,000 species. The largest families are the Scrophulariaceae (about 4000 species), Acanthaceae (about 2500 species), Gesneriaceae (about 2500 species), Bignoniaceae (about 800 species), and Oleaceae (about 600 species). The Scrophulariales are Asteridae, with a usually superior ovary and generally either with an irregular corolla or with fewer stamens than corolla lobes, or commonly both. They uniformly lack stipules.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Asteridae of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The order consists of a single family with about 60 species native to tropical America. The plants are herbs with alternate, simple leaves that do not have stipules. The flowers are borne in involucrate heads with centripetal flowering sequence. The calyx is reduced to small lobes or teeth, and the corolla consists of (4)5(6) fused lobes and is regular or somewhat irregular. The stamens are attached near the summit of the corolla tube, and the filaments are more or less connate. The pistil consists of two united carpels, which form a compound, inferior ovary wth a single, pendulous ovule. The order Calycerales is sometimes included within the Dipsacales, and the order has attracted attention because of the overall resemblance of the inflorescence to that of the Asteraceae.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Asteridae of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The order consists of the large family Rubiaceae, with about 6500 species and the family Theligoniaceae with only 3 species. The Rubiales are marked by their inferior ovary; regular or nearly regular corolla with the petals grown together by their margins; stamens (equal in number to the petals) which are attached to the corolla tube alternate with the lobes; and opposite leaves with interpetiolar stipules or whorled leaves without stipules. The most familiar species of temperate regions are herbs with whorled leaves, such as madder (<i>Rubia tinctorium</i>, the traditional source of red dye), but opposite-leaved tropical shrubs such as <i>Coffea</i> (the source of coffee) are more typical of the group.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Asteridae of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The order consists of three small families with about 50 species, most of which are aquatics or small herbs of wet places, and have much reduced vascular systems. The flowers are small and solitary in the axils of leaves or bracts. The perianth is nearly or completely absent. The pistil consists of two carpels united to form a compound, unilocular or four-chambered ovary, or sometimes the pistil appears to be of a single carpel. The Callitrichales are placed in the Asteridae largely on the basis of their embryology and phytochemistry. The ovules are anatropous and tenuinucellular and have a single integument, and the plants generally produce iridoid substances.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Asteridae of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The order consists of only the family Plantaginaceae, with about 250 species. Within its subclass the order is marked by its small, chiefly wind-pollinated flowers that have a persistent regular scarious corolla. The perianth and stamens of the flowers are attached directly to the receptacle (hypogynous) and there are typically four petals that are joined at the base to form a tube. The plants are herbs or seldom half-shrubs with mostly basal, alternate leaves. The common plantain (<i>Plantago major</i>) is a familiar lawn weed of this order.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Caryophyllidae of the class Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons). The order consists of only the family Plumbaginaceae, with about 400 species. The plants are herbs or less often shrubs. The flowers are strictly pentamerous (that is, each floral whorl has five members); the petals are fused (sympetalous condition) and all alike in shape and size; the pollen is trinucleate; and there is a single basal ovule located in a compound ovary that has a single locule or cell. The Plumbaginaceae differ from most families of their subclass in their straight embryo, copious endosperm, absence of perisperm, and the presence of anthocyanin pigments instead of betalains. The family contains a few garden ornamentals, such as species of <i>Armeria</i>, known as thrift or sea-pink.
Industry:Science
An order of flowering plants, division Magnoliophyta (Angiospermae), in the subclass Commelinidae of the class Liliopsida (monocotyledons). The names Glumiflorae, Graminales, and Poales have also been used for this order. There are only two families, the Poaceae (Gramineae), with about 8000 species, and the Cyperaceae, with nearly 4000. The Cyperales are Commelinidae with reduced, mostly wind-pollinated or self-pollinated flowers that have a unilocular, two-or three-carpellate ovary bearing a single ovule. The flowers are arranged in characteristic spikes or spikelets representing reduced inflorescences. The perianth is represented only by a set of bristles or tiny scales, or is completely missing. The leaves generally have a well-defined sheath and a narrow blade, often with a small adaxial appendage (the ligule) at the junction of the two. The stomates have two supporting cells and are arranged in straight files or rows of one or two, all oriented in the same direction. The pollen is uniformly trinucleate, and vessels are present in all vegetative organs.
Industry:Science
