- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
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- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
That branch of engineering concerned primarily with the special problems of flight and other modes of transportation involving a heavy reliance on aerodynamics or fluid mechanics. The main emphasis is on airplane and missile flight, but aeronautical engineers work in many related fields such as hydrofoils, which have many problems in common with aircraft wings, and with such devices as air-cushion vehicles, which make use of airflow around the base to lift the vehicle a few feet off the ground, whereupon it is propelled forward by use of propellers or gas turbines.
Industry:Science
The amount by which the mass of an atom is less than the sum of the masses of its constituent protons, neutrons, and electrons expressed in units of energy. This energy difference accounts for the stability of the atom. In principle, the binding energy is the amount of energy which was released when the several atomic constituents came together to form the atom. Most of the binding energy is associated with the nuclear constituents (protons and neutrons), or nucleons, and it is customary to regard this quantity as a measure of the stability of the nucleus alone.
Industry:Science
The action of propelling a boat through water. A boat machinery plant consists principally of a propulsion engine, propulsor (propeller or jet pump), and drive-line components. The engines are almost exclusively of the familiar internal combustion types: gasoline, diesel, or gas turbine. The gasoline engine has traditionally dominated the pleasure-boat field, while the diesel is favored for commercial and military craft. The gas turbine is comparatively rare and is found only in applications where high power from machinery of small weight and volume is essential.
Industry:Science
Speech recognition relies on a complex interaction between the sensory information supplied by the ear and the pattern recognition by the brain. Recent advances in defining the role of sensory information in speech understanding have come from work with the cochlear implant, a sensory prosthesis that restores hearing to the profoundly deaf. Artificial electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve provides an opportunity for evaluating the interaction between the quality of sensory information and auditory pattern recognition. The results have been somewhat surprising.
Industry:Science
System behavior that depends so sensitively on the system's precise initial conditions that it is, in effect, unpredictable and cannot be distinguished from a random process, even though it is deterministic in a mathematical sense. This article begins with a discussion of the notions of order, chaos, and noise as they occur in deterministic dynamical systems, the relation of chaos and periodicity, and the concept of an attractor. Applications of chaos to atmospheric prediction, weather, climate, electronic circuits, astronomy, acoustics, and atoms are then discussed.
Industry:Science
The deterioration of the esthetic and life-supporting qualities of lakes and estuaries, caused by excessive fertilization from effluents high in phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic growth substances. Algae and aquatic plants become excessive, and when they decompose, a sequence of objectional features arises. Water for consumption from such lakes must be filtered and treated. Diversion of sewage, better utilization of manure, erosion control, improved sewage treatment and harvesting of the surplus aquatic crops alleviate the symptoms. Prompt public action is essential.
Industry:Science
Technical standards provide the syntax for all technical communications. The level of technical standards (number system, measurement system, monetary system, navigational references, communication systems, and process systems) that emerge in each tribe or society is an indicator of its technical sophistication and technological attainment. Technical standards appear to be inherent in all complex systems, to be fundamental to almost all forms of commerce, and to be required for any communications. The process of creating a technical standard is termed standardization.
Industry:Science
The establishment of uniformity of technical procedures, administrative procedures, working conditions, tools, equipment, workplace arrangements, operation and motion sequences, materials, quality requirements, and similar factors which affect the performance of work. It involves the concepts of design standardization applied to the performance of jobs or operations in industry or business. The task of work standardization thus follows the design process and precedes the establishment of systems of work measurement. The latter are designed to enforce work standards.
Industry:Science
That portion of geologic time that postdates the latest episode of continental glaciation. The Holocene Epoch is synonymous with the Recent or Postglacial interval of Earth's geologic history and extends from 10,000 years ago to the present day. It was preceded by the Pleistocene Epoch and is part of the Quaternary Period, a time characterized by dramatic climatic oscillations from warm (interglacial) to cold (glacial) conditions that began about 1.6 million years ago. The term Holocene is also applied to the sediments, processes, events, and environments of the epoch.
Industry:Science
Specifications of materials, physical measurement processes, performance of products, and characteristics of services rendered. Design standards may be established by individual manufacturers, trade associations, and national or international standards organizations. They may also be de facto standards; that is, they may be informally but universally accepted by those using them. The general purpose is to realize operational and manufacturing economies, to increase the interchangeability of products, and to promote uniformity of definitions of product characteristics.
Industry:Science
