- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
The art and science of extracting silver metal economically from various ores, and the reclamation of silver from the myriad types of industrial processes or scrap produced therefrom. It includes all processes of separating silver from its ores, alloys, and solutions, as well as the smelting, refining, and working of the metal and its alloys and compounds. It deals with the technical application of the chemical and physical properties of silver, to its concentration, extraction, purification, alloying, working, and compounding to meet the requirements of ever-expanding technical needs.
Industry:Science
The application of color-producing agents to material, usually fibrous or film, in order to impart a degree of color permanence demanded by the projected end use. True dyeing covers mechanisms in which molecules of material to be dyed become involved by various means with the molecules of the coloring matter, or small aggregates thereof. There is some overlapping between true dyeing and other methods of coloring, which are called dyeing in the industry. Products which are commonly dyed include textile fibers, plastic films, anodized aluminum, fur, wood, paper, leather, and some foodstuffs.
Industry:Science
Taste, or gustation, is one of the senses used to detect the chemical makeup of ingested food—that is, to establish its palatability and nutritional composition. Flavor is a complex amalgam of taste, olfaction, and other sensations, including those generated by mechanoreceptor and thermoreceptor sensory cells in the oral cavity. Olfactory (smell) sensory cells of the nose are particularly important in the perception of flavor. Taste sensory cells respond principally to the water-soluble chemical stimuli present in food, whereas olfactory sensory cells respond to volatile (airborne) compounds.
Industry:Science
The change of electrical resistance produced in a current-carrying conductor or semiconductor on application of a magnetic field <i>H</i>. Magnetoresistance is one of the galvanomagnetic effects. It is observed with <i>H</i> both parallel to and transverse to the current flow. The change of resistance usually is proportional to <i>H</i><sup>2</sup> for small fields, but at high fields it can rise faster than <i>H</i><sup>2</sup>, increase linearly with <i>H</i>, or tend to a constant (that is, saturate), depending on the material. In most nonmagnetic solids the magnetoresistance is positive.
Industry:Science
The complex array of processes that govern the evolution of the Earth's surface affects nearly all aspects of today's society. Topical examples include weather-related issues such as forecasting, severe storms, floods, and extreme events; global change issues such as climate change, loss of biodiversity, and ozone depletion; land-use issues for both managed and unmanaged ecosystems; and other natural hazards. Addressing such problems requires comprehensive programs of systematic observation, advanced data analysis, and numerical modeling, often using state-of-the-art computational facilities.
Industry:Science
The dried, ripe seed of the palm tree <i>Areca catechu</i> (Palmae), a native of Sri Lanka and Malaya, which attains a height of 30–50 ft (9–15 m). The nuts, slightly larger than a chestnut, when broken open have a faint odor and a somewhat acrid taste. Betel nuts are chewed by the natives together with the leaves of the betel pepper, <i>Piper betle</i> (Piperaceae), and lime. The mixture discolors and eventually destroys the teeth. Frequently, habitual chewers of the nut are toothless by the age of 25. The seeds contain a narcotic that produces some stimulation and a sense of well-being.
Industry:Science
The alteration of the inherent behavior of a system. As an example, ships tend to exhibit significant rolling motions at sea. To dampen these rolling motions, a roll stabilization (feedback) system can be used. Such a system consists of a set of vanes (that is, small wings) extending outward from the hull, below the waterline. By varying the vane incidence angle relative to the hull, a hydrodynamic lift is generated on the vane. The vanes are driven by a feedback system so that the rolling motions are opposed by creating positive lift on one side of the hull and negative lift on the other side.
Industry:Science
The construction of large vessels which travel over seas, lakes, or rivers. A ship must be capable of self-sufficiency in a hostile marine environment for extended periods of time while simultaneously providing the necessities and comforts expected by passengers, the safety and timely arrival of cargo, the offensive and defensive capabilities required by warships, and a variety of other particular functions. The bulk-cargo carrier, such as an oil tanker in which the cargo is voluminous and homogeneous with no premium on speed of transport, is the most efficient mode of freight transportation.
Industry:Science
The arrangement, type, and number of teeth which are variously located in the oral or the pharyngeal cavities, or in both. Teeth are found in areas where there is an underlying supporting structure of cartilage or bone and where stomodeal ectoderm is present. The bones with which these structures are usually associated are the mandible (both the cartilaginous bones and the dentary), the premaxillaries, and the maxillaries. However, in certain vertebrates, the vomerine, palatine, parasphenoid, and pterygoid bones may be involved; and in many fishes, teeth are also found on the branchial arches.
Industry:Science
Systems that buffer temperature changes and reclaim energy that would otherwise be lost to the surroundings. Reclaiming energy increases the efficiency of systems in both industrial applications and smaller-scale applications such as household use of solar energy. In addition, heat storage materials and systems can be used in applications where the temperature needs to be kept within a certain range, such as prevention of damage to biological materials or electronic devices. The most important temperature range for heat storage materials for both industrial and consumer use is 0–100°C (32-212°F).
Industry:Science
