- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
The separation of solid particles from a fluid-solids suspension of which they are a part by passage of most of the fluid through a septum or membrane that retains most of the solids on or within itself. The septum is called a filter medium, and the equipment assembly that holds the medium and provides space for the accumulated solids is called a filter. The fluid may be a gas or a liquid. The solid particles may be coarse or very fine, and their concentration in the suspension may be extremely low (a few parts per million) or quite high (>50%).
Industry:Science
The manufacture of commodity and specialty chemicals forms a crucial part of the foundation of the global economy. Manufactured and refined chemicals are the raw materials for many other goods, including everything from integrated circuits to textiles, to foodstuffs, to packaging. A few, such as gasoline, are used directly by consumers. The chemical industry is the second largest industrial consumer of energy in the United States, using 25% of all industrial energy and 7% of all domestic energy, according to the Energy Information Administration.
Industry:Science
The nuclear fuel cycle typically involves the following steps: (1) finding and mining the uranium ore; (2) refining the uranium from other elements; (3) enriching the uranium-235 content to 3–5%; (4) fabricating fuel elements; (5) interim storage and cooling of spent fuel; (6) reprocessing of spent fuel to recover uranium and plutonium (optional); (7) fabricating recycle fuel for added energy production (optional); (8) cooling of spent fuel or reprocessing waste, and its eventual transport to a repository for disposal in secure long-term storage.
Industry:Science
The quantum theory of particles which is consistent with the special theory of relativity, and thus can describe particles moving arbitrarily close to the speed of light. It is now realized that the only satisfactory relativistic quantum theory is quantum field theory; the attempt to relativize the Schrödinger equation for the wave function of a single particle fails, as described below. However, with a change of interpretation, relativistic wave equations do correctly describe some aspects of the motions of particles in an electromagnetic field.
Industry:Science
The medium- to dark-green gem variety of the mineral beryl, Be<sub>3</sub>Al<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>6</sub>O<sub>18</sub>, crystallizing in the hexagonal system. A flawless emerald with good color is one of the most sought after and highly prized of all precious gems. Emerald is restricted in its occurrence, and seldom are exceptional stones found; most emeralds are flawed and cloudy, and few stones command high prices. What constitutes a true emerald is well defined by the gem dealers, and the dividing line between emerald and mere green beryl is sharp.
Industry:Science
The study of nature and natural phenomena. Application of the term did not begin with any formal definition; rather the various disciplines arose independently, each in response to some particular need. It was then observed that certain of these disciplines had enough traits in common to justify classifying them together as one of the sciences. Usage is not, however, always unanimous as to whether some disciplines should be called sciences, and there is often lively controversy as to the propriety of speaking of the social or historical sciences.
Industry:Science
The technology concerned with computational understanding and use of the information present in visual images. In part, computer vision is analogous to the transformation of visual sensation into visual perception in biological vision. For this reason the motivation, objectives, formulation, and methodology of computer vision frequently intersect with knowledge about their counterparts in biological vision. However, the goal of computer vision is primarily to enable engineering systems to model and manipulate the environment by using visual sensing.
Industry:Science
The permanent change in shape of a metal object as a result of applied or internal forces. This feature permits metals to be formed into pipe, wire, sheet, and so on, with an optimal combination of strength, ductility, and toughness. The onset of noticeable plastic deformation occurs when the applied tensile stress or applied effective stress reaches the tensile yield strength of the material. Continued plastic deformation usually requires a continued increase in the applied stress. The effects of plastic deformation may be removed by heat treatment.
Industry:Science
The study of amplitude-dependent acoustical phenomena. The amplitude dependence is due to the nonlinear response of the medium in which the sound propagates, and not to the nonlinear behavior of the sound source. According to the linear theory of acoustics, increasing the level of a source by 10 dB results in precisely the same sound field as before, just 10 dB more intense. Linear theory also predicts that only frequency components radiated directly by the source can be present in the sound field. These principles do not hold in nonlinear acoustics.
Industry:Science
The Ordovician biodiversification event, or radiation, of 500 million years ago (mya) was one of the most significant events in the history of life, and in fact involved a greater increase in diversity at the family and genus level than did the more popularly known Cambrian radiation, which occurred 540 mya. (Recall that families comprise genera, which in turn comprise species.) During the Ordovician radiation the diversity of marine families nearly tripled, and those groups of animals that came to dominate the next 250 million years were established.
Industry:Science
