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The position on a chromosome of a gene or other chromosome marker; also, the DNA at that position. The use of locus is sometimes restricted to mean expressed DNA regions.
See also: gene expression.
Industry:Biology
Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at precise locations. Restriction maps depict the chromosomal positions of restriction-enzyme cutting sites. These are used as biochemical "signposts," or markers of specific areas along the chromosomes. The map will detail the positions where the DNA molecule is cut by particular restriction enzymes.
Industry:Biology
An exact copy made of biological material such as a DNA segment (e.g., a gene or other region), a whole cell, or a complete organism..
Industry:Biology
A process whereby the order of multiple sequenced DNA fragments is determined..
Industry:Biology
Map depicting the order of and distance between sites at which restriction enzymes cleave chromosomes..
Industry:Biology
Short (200 to 500 base pairs) DNA sequence that has a single occurrence in the human genome and whose location and base sequence are known. Detectable by polymerase chain reaction, STSs are useful for localising and orienting the mapping and sequence data reported from many different laboratories and serve as landmarks on the developing physical map of the human genome. Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) are STSs derived from cDNAs..
Industry:Biology
Using specialised DNA technology to produce multiple, exact copies of a single gene or other segment of DNA to obtain enough material for further study. This process, used by researchers in the Human Genome Project, is referred to as cloning DNA. The resulting cloned (copied) collections of DNA molecules are called clone libraries. A second type of cloning exploits the natural process of cell division to make many copies of an entire cell. The genetic makeup of these cloned cells, called a cell line, is identical to the original cell. A third type of cloning produces complete, genetically identical animals such as the famous Scottish sheep, Dolly.
See also: cloning vector.
Industry:Biology
Determination of the order of nucleotides (base sequences) in a DNA or RNA molecule or the order of amino acids in a protein..
Industry:Biology
The group of related organisms used in constructing a genetic map..
Industry:Biology
