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A gene on one of the non-sex chromosomes that is always expressed, even if only one copy is present. The chance of passing the gene to offspring is 50% for each pregnancy.
See also: autosome, dominant, gene.
Industry:Biology
Single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules of specific base sequence, labelled either radioactively or immunologically, that are used to detect the complementary base sequence by hybridization..
Industry:Biology
The process by which a gene's coded information is converted into the structures present and operating in the cell. Expressed genes include those that are transcribed into mRNA and then translated into protein and those that are transcribed into RNA but not translated into protein (e.g., transfer and ribosomal RNAs)..
Industry:Biology
A chromosome not involved in sex determination. The diploid human genome consists of a total of 46 chromosomes: 22 pairs of autosomes, and 1 pair of sex chromosomes (the X and Y chromosomes).
See also: sex chromosome.
Industry:Biology
Cell or organism lacking a membrane-bound, structurally discrete nucleus and other subcellular compartments. Bacteria are examples of prokaryotes.
See also: chromosome, eukaryote.
Industry:Biology
The genetic relationship between nieces and nephews and their aunts and uncles..
Industry:Biology
A cross between an animal that is heterozygous for alleles obtained from two parental strains and a second animal from one of those parental strains. Also used to describe the breeding protocol of an outcross followed by a backcross.
See also: model organisms.
Industry:Biology
The nucleus of a sperm or egg prior to fertilization.
See also: nucleus, transgenic.
Industry:Biology
