Adelson e Salvini (Adelson and Salvini) is a three act opera semiseria composed by Vincenzo Bellini from a libretto by Andrea Leone Tottola. The opera was based on the 1772 novel Épreuves du Sentiment by François-Thomas-Marie de Baculard d'Arnaud, and it draws on a previously performed play by Prospère Delamare.

Bellini's first opera was written as his final project at the Naples San Sebastiano Conservatory, when the composer was 23 years old. It was the custom at the Conservatory to introduce promising students to the public with a dramatic work. Bellini styled his project an opera semiseria and it was first performed at the Teatro del Conservatorio di San Sebastiano in Naples on 12 February 1825. "With a view to professional staging", various revisions were undertaken between 1826 and 1828, but they were never performed professionally.

Bellini's score does not bring out much of the humour of the piece. Nevertheless, the work was so popular among the Conservatory's student audience that it was performed every Sunday for a year.

It was successful enough to generate a commission from the royal court, and it captured the interest of the impresario Domenico Barbaja of the San Carlo Opera, who launched Bellini's career, commissioning him to write his next work, Bianca e Gernando (1826), which was revised two years later as Bianca e Fernando. Although much influenced by the music of Gioacchino Rossini, this early piece exhibits some of the characteristic tuneful style and delicate vocal line that Bellini achieved in his mature works and the composer used some of the music from the opera in later works. This is also the only Bellini opera provided with Recitativo secco.

Bellini greatly revised the opera for another production in 1829, and later revised it further. However, the first professional production was not given for over one hundred years at the Teatro Metropolitan in Belliini's home town of Catania on 6 November 1985. Domenico De Meo further revised and edited the score of Adelson to prepare it for a 1992 production at the Teatro Massimo Bellini in Catania, Sicily. The following year, the Italian label Nuova Era issued Adelson e Salvini on compact discs.