The common generic name often applied to the genera Andropogon, Dichanthium, Bothriochloa, and Schizachyrium in the grass tribe Andropogoneae. Photosynthesis in this entire tribe follows the C₄ pathway characterized by high activity of the NADP-malic enzyme, providing adaptation to environments with high light intensities and high temperatures during the growing season. The bluestems are medium to tall, warm-season, perennial grasses with basic chromosome numbers of 9 or 10, often exhibiting polyploidy. Although asexual reproduction is common, reproduction is predominantly sexual, and ecotypic variation occurs in wide-ranging species. Prescribed burning is an important management tool, especially in subhumid and humid regions. Because of the bluestems' long season of growth, closely synchronized with decomposition rate, they usually compete successfully against cool-season grasses on soils that are low in fertility. The two most important forage species are big bluestem (A. gerardi) and little bluestem (S. scoparius).