A hardy perennial crucifer, Armoracia rusticana, of eastern European origin belonging to the plant order Capparales. Horseradish is grown for its pungent roots, which are generally grated, mixed with vinegar and salt, and used as a condiment or relish. Propagation is by root cuttings, and the crop is grown like an annual. The individual roots or sets are uncovered by hand usually twice during the summer and stripped of all side roots (see illus.). Maliner Kren is a common variety. Harvesting of the roots occurs in the fall, usually 3½ to 4 months after planting. Production in the United States is limited to northern areas; Illinois, Wisconsin, and Missouri are important producing states.