Genomics is the study of all of the genetic material in an organism. Metagenomics is the analysis of many genomes simultaneously, usually from a group of microorganisms (bacteria and archaea as well as eukarytoic microorganisms: fungi, algae, and protozoa). It involves extracting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from a collection of microorganisms, cloning the DNA into a suitable vector, and analyzing the resulting clones. Metagenomic analysis has led to the discovery of new genes, enzymes, and antibiotics. The collective microbial metagenome of the world represents one of the greatest untapped resources for biotechnology as well as for understanding the workings of the natural world.