The color of various insects, such as beetles and butterflies, in the natural world has attracted the attention of scientists since at least the time of Robert Hooke (1635–1703). Sir Isaac Newton (1642–1727) understood that the colors that are produced must be a result of the presence of “thin film structures.” It is now commonly recognized that the colors produced by insects and perceived by an observer are a result of the microstructures that are present on their bodies. In other words, the colors are produced by the interaction of light with the periodic structures on their bodies.