- 行业: Printing & publishing
- Number of terms: 178089
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- Company Profile:
McGraw Hill Financial, Inc. is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in Rockefeller Center in New York City. Its primary areas of business are financial, publishing, and business services.
The special field of medicine that deals with humans in environments encountered beyond the surface of the Earth. It includes both aviation medicine and space medicine and is concerned with humans, their environment, and the vehicles in which they fly. Its objective is to ensure human health, safety, well-being, and effective performance through careful selection and training of flight personnel, protection from the unique flight environment and its physiological and psychological effects, and understanding of the flight vehicle and humans' interaction with it.
Industry:Science
The long-term records of precipitation, temperature, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. The climate, like the Earth itself, has a history extending over several billion years. Climatic changes have occurred at time scales ranging from hundreds of millions of years to centuries and decades. Processes in the atmosphere, oceans, cryosphere (snow cover, sea ice, continental ice sheets), biosphere, and lithosphere (such as plate tectonics and volcanic activity) and certain extraterrestrial factors (such as the Sun) have caused these changes of climate.
Industry:Science
The process of transforming information from one representation to another smaller representation from which the original, or a close approximation to it, can be recovered. The compression and decompression processes are often referred to as encoding and decoding. Data compression has important applications in the areas of data storage and data transmission. Besides compression savings, other parameters of concern include encoding and decoding speeds and workspace requirements, the ability to access and decode partial files, and error generation and propagation.
Industry:Science
The red variety of the mineral corundum, in its finest quality the most valuable of gemstones. Only medium to dark tones of red to slightly violet-red or very slightly orange-red are called ruby; light reds, purples, and other colors are properly called sapphires. In its pure form the mineral corundum, with composition Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, is colorless. The rich red of fine-quality ruby is the result of the presence of a minute amount of chromic oxide, usually well under 1%. The chromium presence permits rubies to be used for lasers producing red light.
Industry:Science
The science of chemical compositions and changes involved in the production, protection, and use of crops and livestock. As a basic science, it embraces, in addition to test-tube chemistry, all the life processes through which humans obtain food and fiber for themselves and feed for their animals. As an applied science or technology, it is directed toward control of those processes to increase yields, improve quality, and reduce costs. One important branch of it, chemurgy, is concerned chiefly with utilization of agricultural products as chemical raw materials.
Industry:Science
The study of the interaction of matter and electromagnetic radiation in the microwave region of the spectrum. Microwaves are loosely defined as electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between about 1 mm and 30 cm or frequencies between 1 and 300 GHz. The wavelengths are comparable to the dimensions of experimental apparatus. Experimental techniques make use of ideas from radio-frequency spectroscopy where wavelengths greatly exceed the dimensions of the apparatus, and also techniques from optics where wavelengths are much smaller than the size of the apparatus.
Industry:Science
The pattern of care given an offspring by its mother. Many species reproduce generation after generation without receiving or providing any parental care. Insects and fish commonly produce vast numbers of offspring that they neither feed nor defend, resulting in the loss of many offspring to predators and to other hazards. Their great numbers, however, ensure that some will survive and reproduce. Also, if the young of a species are self-sufficient at birth or if they mature very rapidly after birth, they can often survive and reproduce with little parental care.
Industry:Science
The smallest unit of a compound, which consists of atoms bonded together in a unique arrangement. A diatomic molecule consists of two atoms linked together by chemical bonds. Examples include the oxygen and nitrogen of the air (O<sub>2</sub> and N<sub>2</sub>, respectively) and the neurotransmitter nitric oxide (NO). A polyatomic molecule consists of more than two linked atoms. Examples include water (H<sub>2</sub>O), carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>), ethanol (C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>5</sub>OH), and the vast molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with thousands of atoms.
Industry:Science
The study of basic interactions among the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems during development, homeostasis, and host defense responses to injury. In its clinical aspects, neuroimmunology focuses on diseases of the nervous system, such as myasthenia gravis and multiple sclerosis, which are caused by pathogenic autoimmune processes, and on nervous system manifestations of immunological diseases, such as primary and acquired immunodeficiencies. Basic research in neuroimmunology is directed at defining the biochemical basis for the network of these interactions.
Industry:Science
The number of counts recorded by a radiation detector from background radiation. The term background radiation refers to the natural ionizing radiation on the Earth. Ionizing radiation refers to all radiations, waves, and particles that are energetic enough to remove electrons from stable atoms; they are stronger than infrared radiation, radio waves, or visible light, which cannot separate electrons from stable atoms. Radiation strong enough to cause ionization of atoms is measured in electrical units which range from 32 electronvolts up to millions of electronvolts.
Industry:Science
